Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

0.3–1.2(–2) cm, central strand narrow or absent.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

erect, sometimes slightly curved, imbricate when dry, ovate-lanceolate to ovate-triangular, obtusely keeled or concave proximally, sharply keeled distally, 0.8–1.8(–2) mm, 1-stratose or 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins recurved in medial sections, usually less recurved on one side of leaf, rarely plane, smooth, 2-stratose, occasionally 3-stratose;

apices usually acute, rarely sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a short, spinulose-denticulate, often flexuose awn, smooth;

basal marginal cells quadrate or short-rectangular, transverse walls usually thicker than longitudinal walls, sometimes trigonous;

distal cells mostly isodiametric, rounded or angular, or short-rectangular, 5–8 µm wide, smooth, weakly sinuose.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

yellow-brown or light reddish brown, short-cylindric or cupulate, rarely campanulate, rarely becoming finely striate with age, (0.5–)0.7–1 mm;

exothecial cells mostly short-elongate, mixed with patches of angular isodiametric cells, walls unevenly thickened, trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent to squarrose, sometimes twisted, 230–320 µm, orange or yellowish red, coarsely papillose, usually strongly perforated and with uneven margins.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

8–12 µm, smooth or granulose.