Flora of North America species comparison

1.2–12 cm, central strand weak or absent.

0.3–0.8 (–1.5) cm, central strand absent.

erect or curved, rarely (falcate-) secund when dry, ovate-lanceolate, sharply keeled distally, (1.3–)1.7–2.5(–3.2) mm, 1-stratose or rarely 2-stratose in striae distally;

margins usually recurved throughout or to just before the apex, usually denticulate distally, 1 or 2-stratose;

apices acute or sub-obtuse;

costa percurrent or excurrent as a smooth or weakly denticulate, occasionally decurrent awn, abaxial surface often papillose;

basal marginal cells usually quadrate;

distal laminal cells mostly short-rectangular, 8–10 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

erect, often curved towards stem when dry, ovate-ligulate to ovate-lanceolate, usually concave proximally, moderately keeled distally, 0.4–0.7(–0.8) mm, 1-stratose, sometimes with a few 2-stratose striae distally;

margins plane or recurved to just before the apex, smooth, 1-stratose or 2-stratose, rarely 3-stratose;

apices rounded or subacute;

costa sub-percurrent or percurrent, rarely excurrent as a tiny, weakly papillose awn, smooth;

basal marginal cells quadrate or short-rectangular;

distal laminal cells ovate or short-rectangular, 7–9 µm wide, smooth, sinuose.

autoicous.

autoicous.

dark red or brown, short-cylindric, 0.7–1.3 mm;

exothecial cells usually quadrate, sometimes mixed with short-elongate or oblate cells, thin-walled, usually trigonous;

stomata present;

peristome patent or erect, often twisted, 350–600(–700) µm, red, densely papillose, usually perforated.

dark red-brown or light brown, short-cylindric or cupulate, rarely slightly wider at the mouth, 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, occasionally finely ribbed when dry;

exothecial cells of various shapes, mainly elongate or isodiametric, walls thin or unevenly thickened, straight or curved, sometimes trigonous;

stomata absent;

peristome erect or patent, 100–200 µm, red-brown or red, papillose, weakly perforated.

11–14(–19) µm, granulose or smooth.

8–11 µm, smooth.