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Saxifraga oppositifolia

purple mountain saxifrage, purple or purple mountain saxifrage, purple saxifrage, saxifrage à feuilles opposées, twinflower saxifrage

ciliate saxifrage, cushion saxifrage

Habit Plants mat- or cushion-forming (with trailing, ± woody stems), not stoloniferous, rhizomatous. Plants cushion-forming, rounded, sometimes mat-forming (then stems trailing), (stems slightly woody at base), not stoloniferous, rhizomatous, with caudex.
Leaves

cauline (marcescent, crowded), opposite (rarely alternate);

petiole absent;

blade oblong to ± broadly obovate, unlobed, 2–5 mm, leathery, margins entire, bristly-ciliate, with 1(–3) lime-secreting hydathodes (in pit, secretion obvious), apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous.

basal (sometimes cauline on trailing stems), (closely imbricate);

petiole absent;

blade round to broadly obovate, unlobed, 1–4 mm, ± fleshy, margins entire, stiffly bristly-ciliate, apex obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

solitary flowers, ebracteate, 1–5 cm, glabrate or sparsely purple-tipped stipitate-glandular.

solitary flowers, to 1 cm, glabrous;

bracts sessile.

Flowers

sepals erect, ovate, margins stiffly ciliate or not, surfaces hairy, stipitate-glandular, or glabrous;

petals purple to pink, rarely white, often drying violet, not spotted, obovate to elliptic, (2–)5–12(–20) mm, longer than sepals;

ovary ± superior.

unisexual (plants dioecious);

sepals spreading in flower, reflexed in fruit, (purple), triangular to ovate, margins ciliate, surfaces hairy;

petals yellow, drying cream to brown, not spotted, linear to oblanceolate, 1–2.5 mm, ± equaling sepals;

ovary superior.

Capsules

± folliclelike.

2n

= 12.

Saxifraga oppositifolia

Saxifraga eschscholtzii

Phenology Flowering early summer.
Habitat Cliffs and gravelly spits, rocky outcrops, gravel shores, tundra
Elevation 0-2000+ m [0-6600+ ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CO; ID; MT; NY; OR; VT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; YT; Eurasia; arctic and alpine
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; NT; YT; Asia (Siberia)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 7 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Sepal margins bristly-ciliate
subsp. oppositifolia
1. Sepal margins glandular-ciliate
subsp. smalliana
Source FNA vol. 8, p. 136. FNA vol. 8, p. 139.
Parent taxa Saxifragaceae > Saxifraga Saxifragaceae > Saxifraga
Sibling taxa
S. adscendens, S. aizoides, S. aleutica, S. bracteata, S. bronchialis, S. cernua, S. cespitosa, S. cherlerioides, S. chrysantha, S. debilis, S. eschscholtzii, S. flagellaris, S. hirculus, S. hyperborea, S. mertensiana, S. nathorstii, S. paniculata, S. radiata, S. rivularis, S. serpyllifolia, S. taylorii, S. tricuspidata, S. tridactylites, S. vespertina
S. adscendens, S. aizoides, S. aleutica, S. bracteata, S. bronchialis, S. cernua, S. cespitosa, S. cherlerioides, S. chrysantha, S. debilis, S. flagellaris, S. hirculus, S. hyperborea, S. mertensiana, S. nathorstii, S. oppositifolia, S. paniculata, S. radiata, S. rivularis, S. serpyllifolia, S. taylorii, S. tricuspidata, S. tridactylites, S. vespertina
Subordinate taxa
S. oppositifolia subsp. oppositifolia, S. oppositifolia subsp. smalliana
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 402. 1753 , Sternberg: Revis. Saxifrag., suppl. 1: 9. 1822 ,
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