Saponaria ocymoides |
Saponaria |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rock soapwort, saponaria |
saponaire, soapwort |
|||||
Habit | Plants perennial, with over-wintering leafy shoots. | Herbs, [annual, biennial, or] perennial. | ||||
Rhizomes | stout or slender. |
|||||
Stems | trailing, procumbent, or ascending, much-branched, 5–25 cm. |
erect to spreading, simple or branched, terete. |
||||
Leaves | petiole not winged, (0.1–)0.5–1(–3) cm; blade 1-veined, spatulate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.6–2.5 × 0.3–1.4 cm. |
connate proximally, petiolate or sessile; blade 3(–5)-veined, spatulate to elliptic or ovate, apex acute or rounded. |
||||
Inflorescences | terminal, dense to open, lax cymes; bracts paired, foliaceous; involucel bracteoles absent. |
|||||
Pedicels | 2–6 mm. |
erect. |
||||
Flowers | sometimes double; calyx usually purple, not cleft, 7–12 mm, glandular-pubescent; petals red or pink to white, blade 8–15 mm. |
sepals connate proximally into tube, greenish, reddish, or purple, 7–25 mm, tube 15–25-veined, oblong-cylindric, terete, commissures between sepals absent; lobes green, reddish, or purple, 3–5-veined, triangular-attenuate, shorter than tube, margins white, scarious, apex acute or acuminate; petals 5 (doubled in some cultivars), pink to white, clawed, auricles absent, with 2 coronal scales, blade apex entire or emarginate; nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10, adnate with petals to carpophore; filaments briefly connate proximally; staminodes absent (present in some cultivars); ovary 1-locular; styles 2(–3), filiform, 12–15 mm, glabrous proximally; stigmas 2(–3), linear along adaxial surface of styles, papillate (30x). |
||||
Capsules | 6–8 mm. |
cylindric to ovoid, opening by 4(–6) ascending or recurving teeth; carpophore present. |
||||
Seeds | 1.6–2 mm wide. |
15–75, dark brown, reniform, laterally compressed, papillose, marginal wing absent, appendage absent; embryo peripheral, curved. |
||||
Cymes | spreading, lax. |
|||||
x | = 7. |
|||||
2n | = 28 (Europe). |
|||||
Saponaria ocymoides |
Saponaria |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering summer. | |||||
Habitat | Waste sites, rocky places, old gardens | |||||
Elevation | 0-2200 m (0-7200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; CO; IN; MA; MI; NY; OR; Europe [Introduced in North America]
|
Europe; c Asia; w Asia; Africa (Mediterranean region); S officinalis widely naturalized elsewhere [Introduced in North America] |
||||
Discussion | Saponaria ocymoides is a long-cultivated rock-garden and wall plant that is only rarely persistent outside of gardens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 40 (2 in the flora). Saponaria pumilio (Linnaeus) Fenzl ex A. Braun [= Silene pumilio (Linnaeus) Wulfen], a species of the Alps and the Carpathians, was collected once from a ledge on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, in 1964; the collector, S. K. Harris (1965), suggested that it may have been an intentional planting. A cespitose plant, it differs from the two species below also in its one-flowered, rather than several-flowered, stems. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 158. | FNA vol. 5, p. 157. | ||||
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Saponaria | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Spanizium | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 409. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 408. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 191. (1754) | ||||
Web links |
|