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puzzling halimolobos, puzzling rockcress

Habit Biennials or perennials; (caudex simple or branched, covered with persistent leaf remains); not scapose; pubescent throughout, trichomes shortly stalked or subsessile, cruciform, Y-shaped, or forked. Biennials or perennials; densely to sparsely pubescent, trichomes subsessile, minute, Y-shaped or cruciform, mixed with simple or forked ones.
Stems

erect or decumbent, unbranched or branched distally.

usually several from caudex, rarely simple, erect to decumbent, unbranched or branched distally, (1–)1.3–4(–5) dm, densely pubescent throughout or glabrescent distally.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

basal usually rosulate, petiolate, blade margins entire, dentate, or lyrate-pinnatifid, (apex obtuse to acute);

cauline sessile, blade (base attenuate, not auriculate), margins entire, subentire, dentate, or pinnatifid.

Basal leaves

rosulate;

petiole 0.5–2.5 cm;

blade narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, 2–5 cm × 5–15 mm, margins lyrate-pinnatifid to coarsely dentate, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces densely pubescent.

Cauline leaves

4–12;

blade oblong to oblanceolate, 0.6–2 cm × 2–6 mm (base attenuate, not auriculate), margins coarsely dentate to pinnatifid, or (distal) subentire or dentate, apex obtuse to subacute, surfaces densely to sparsely pubescent.

Racemes

(corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals (erect), oblong;

petals white, oblanceolate-spatulate, (longer than sepals, claw obscurely differentiated from blade, apex rounded);

stamens slightly tetradynamous;

filaments not dilated basally, (slender);

anthers ovate or oblong, (apex obtuse);

nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of stamens.

sepals 1.5–2 × 0.8–1.2 mm;

petals (3–)4–7 × 1.2–2 mm;

filaments 2–3 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.5–0.6 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to subdivaricate, (straight), slender, (terete).

4–15 mm, densely pubescent to glabrescent.

Fruits

subsessile or shortly stipitate (gynophore less than 1 mm), linear, slightly to strongly torulose, subterete to strongly latiseptate;

valves each without midvein or with obscure one on proximal 1/2, sparsely to densely pubescent or glabrescent;

replum rounded;

septum complete;

ovules 12–30 per ovary; (style obsolete or distinct);

stigma capitate.

ascending to suberect, straight to slightly tortuous, strongly torulose, strongly latiseptate, (1–)1.5–2(–2.5) cm × 0.8–1 mm;

valves each with obscure midvein, densely pubescent to glabrescent;

ovules 12–20 per ovary;

style 0.2–1.3 mm.

Seeds

uniseriate, plump, not winged, oblong;

seed coat (minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons incumbent.

1–1.3 × 0.5–0.6 mm.

x

= 7.

2n

= 14.

Sandbergia

Sandbergia perplexa

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sagebrush flats, pine woods, basaltic gravel and outcrop, sandy banks, rocky hillsides, granitic talus
Elevation 300-1500 m (1000-4900 ft)
Distribution
nw North America
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
ID; MT; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 2 (2 in the flora).

Although both species of Sandbergia were placed by R. C. Rollins (1993) in Halimolobos, the two genera are not closely related. Sandbergia is most closely related to Boechera, whereas Halimolobos is sister to Mancoa and Sphaerocardamum Schauer in the tribe Halimolobeae. For an account of the generic boundaries of Sandbergia, see under 60. Halimolobos.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

I have seen limited material of var. lemhiensis, and all the differences given by R. C. Rollins (1993) to separate it from var. perplexa (e.g., style and pedicel length, density of indumentum) are quantitative characters that show continuous, uncorrelated variation. Sandbergia perplexa is known from counties in Idaho (Adams, Butte, Custer, Idaho, Lemhi, Valley), Montana (Beaverhead), and Washington (Douglas).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Cauline leaf blade margins usually entire, rarely denticulate; fruits slightly torulose.
S. whitedii
1. Cauline leaf blade margins coarsely dentate to pinnatifid; fruits strongly torulose.
S. perplexa
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 417. Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz. FNA vol. 7, p. 418.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Sandbergia
Sibling taxa
S. whitedii
Subordinate taxa
S. perplexa, S. whitedii
Synonyms Sisymbrium perplexum, Halimolobos perplexus, Halimolobos perplexus var. lemhiensis, Sophia perplexa
Name authority Greene: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 136. (1911) (L. F. Henderson) Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 12: 426. (2007)
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