Samanea saman |
Samanea |
|
---|---|---|
carreto, raintree |
raintree |
|
Habit | Trees to 30 m; branches and twigs densely pubescent to glabrescent; resting buds densely pubescent. | Trees, unarmed, strigulose. |
Stems | with straight bole, young growth white-puberulent to tomentose, resting buds present, ferruginous or yellowish. |
|
Leaves | stipules early caducous, 5–6 mm, strigulose; petiole 4–8 cm, eglandular, strigulose; pinnae 4.5–9.5(–18) cm, with gland between each pair; leaflet blades oblique-oblong to obovate, 15–35(–45) × 9–20 mm, base acute, apex rounded, mucronate, venation brochidodromous, main vein central; terminal pinna blades rhombic-elliptic, to 55 × 35 mm, apex rounded or acute; nectaries between each pair of pinnae and leaflets. |
alternate, even-bipinnate, not sensitive to touch; stipules present, not spinescent; rachis and pinnae with extrafloral nectaries; petiolate; pinnae 6–10 pairs, opposite, terminal pair heteromorphic; leaflets 12–24, opposite, blade margins entire, surfaces slightly pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, densely strigulose; bracts 3 or 4, deltate, (5–)7 mm, densely strigulose; bract 5 mm, clavate, strigulose. |
12–25-flowered, axillary or terminal, umbels [corymbs]; bracts present. |
Peduncles | 5–7 cm, densely strigulose. |
|
Flowers | peripheral flowers pedicellate, pedicels 2–3 mm, strigulose; calyx 6 mm, densely strigulose; corolla campanulate, 10–12 mm; stamens white proximally, pink distally, staminal tube to 8 mm, ovary 4 mm; central flowers: calyx 10 mm, lobes 8; corolla 13–15 mm, lobes 5; staminal tube 12 mm, ovary 4 mm. |
mimosoid, actinomorphic, dimorphic, 7 or 8-merous, peripheral flowers smaller than central; calyx campanulate, lobes 5–8, calyx and corolla connate, valvate; corolla white and pink; stamens 40+, connate into a tube; anthers dorsifixed, eglandular. |
Fruits | legumes, sessile, glossy red-brown, turgid, straight or slightly curved, oblong, indehiscent, fleshy, pulpy, glabrescent, margins thickened; exocarp separating from mesocarp when old, endocarp woody with septae between seeds. |
|
Legumes | 15–20 × 1.5–2.3 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex rounded with slightly curved beak to 8 mm, valves leathery, smooth or slightly rough. |
|
Seeds | 8–20, elliptic, strongly biconvex; pleurogram present, aril and endosperm absent; cotyledons large, radicle curved. |
|
x | = 13. |
|
Samanea saman |
Samanea |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | |
Habitat | introduced also in tropical and subtropical areas nearly worldwide.. | |
Elevation | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) | |
Distribution |
FL; Central America; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in tropical and subtropical areas nearly worldwide] |
Central America; South America [Introduced, Florida; introduced also in tropical and subtropical areas nearly worldwide] |
Discussion | Samanea saman is introduced in the paleotropics as an ornamental, timber, and forage tree. The species is considered invasive in Fiji and Vanuatu; elsewhere in the Pacific, it is naturalized but rarely considered problematic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 3 (1 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Samanea | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimosa saman, Albizia nicoyana, A. saman, Pithecellobium saman | Pithecellobium section samanea |
Name authority | (Jacquin) Merrill: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 6: 47. (1916) | (Bentham) Merrill: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 6: 46. (1916) |
Web links |