Salix viminalis |
Salix lemmonii |
|
---|---|---|
basket willow, common osier, osier, osier willow, silky osier |
Lemmon's willow |
|
Habit | Plants 1.2–4 m, (sometimes forming clones by stem fragmentation). | |
Stems | branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, or yellowish, not glaucous, glabrous or puberulent; branchlets yellow-brown or yellowish (sometimes color obscured by hairs), glabrous, densely to sparsely villous, velvety, or puberulent. |
branches (sometimes highly brittle at base), yellow-brown or red-brown, not to sometimes strongly glaucous, (dull to slightly glossy), glabrous or puberulent at nodes; branchlets yellow-brown to red-brown, (weakly or strongly glaucous or not), puberulent, (buds alba-type or intermediate, scale inner membranaceous layer free, not separating from outer layer). |
Leaves | stipules (not adnate to petioles), rudimentary or absent on early ones, (late ones sometimes brownish, linear, 5.4–10.4 mm), apex acuminate; petiole shallowly grooved adaxially, 4–13 mm, villous, puberulent, or velvety adaxially; largest medial blade linear, lorate, narrowly oblong, or narrowly elliptic, 53–130 × 5–33 mm, base cuneate, margins strongly revolute, sinuate or apparently entire, (glands epilaminal), apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface apparently glaucous (obscured by hairs), densely short-silky, woolly, or tomentose, (midribs prominent, yellowish, and hairy), hairs appressed, spreading or erect, straight or wavy, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely or moderately densely pubescent, hairs gray; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade yellowish green, very densely tomentose or short-silky abaxially, hairs white. |
stipules absent or rudimentary on early ones, foliaceous on late ones, apex acute; petiole convex to flat adaxially, 5–16 mm, tomentose or velvety adaxially; largest medial blade (sometimes amphistomatous), lorate or very narrowly to narrowly elliptic, 44–110 × 6–22 mm, 3.4–9.9(–12) times as long as wide, base convex or cuneate, margins flat to slightly revolute, entire or shallowly serrulate, apex acuminate to acute, abaxial surface glaucous, sparsely short- or long-silky to glabrescent, hairs (white, also ferruginous), straight or wavy, adaxial slightly glossy, sparsely short-silky, (hairs also ferruginous); proximal blade margins entire or shallowly serrulate; juvenile blade reddish or yellowish green, densely long-silky abaxially, hairs white and ferruginous. |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.6–1.5 mm; filaments distinct; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid to shortly cylindrical, 0.6–0.8 mm. |
adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, oblong, or ovate, 0.3–0.9 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous or hairy on proximal 1/2 or basally; anthers yellow, ellipsoid, shortly cylindrical, or globose, 0.5–0.9 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm; ovary pyriform, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–18 per ovary; styles 0.6–1.8 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong, narrowly oblong, or ovate, 0.4–1 mm; stipe 1.1–2.1 mm; ovary pyriform, beak sometimes slightly bulged below styles; ovules 12 per ovary; styles 0.3–1 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded or pointed tip, 0.2–0.3–0.48 mm. |
Capsules | 4–6 mm. |
5–7 mm. |
Catkins | flowering just before or as leaves emerge; staminate stout, 24–48 mm, flowering branchlet 0–2 mm; pistillate densely flowered, 23–55 mm, flowering branchlet 0–6 mm; floral bract brown or tawny, 1.6–2.2 mm, apex convex or rounded, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
flowering just before or, sometimes, as leaves emerge; staminate stout, (1.4–2.7–)16–28 × 9–17 mm, flowering branchlet 1–3 mm; pistillate loosely flowered, stout, (1.5–2.7–)19–44(–65 in fruit) × 10–18 mm, flowering branchlet 1–6 mm; floral bract brown or bicolor, 1.1–2.4 mm, apex rounded or convex, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
2n | = 38. |
= 76. |
Salix viminalis |
Salix lemmonii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr-early May. | Flowering early Mar-late Jun. |
Habitat | Sandy, open woods, cobble rivershores, lake margins, and roadsides | Streams, lakeshores, wet meadows, springs, old burns in subalpine conifer forests, sandy, granite substrates |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 1400-3500 m (4600-11500 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; IA; IN; MA; ME; NJ; NY; OH; RI; VT; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WY; BC
|
Discussion | Salix ×smithiana (S. caprea × S. viminalis) is distinguished from S. viminalis by having leaf blades usually broad, 2.8–4.9(–6.4) times as long as wide, stipes 0.9–2 mm, ovaries short-silky, branches ± brittle at base, and petioles flat to convex adaxially; S. viminalis has leaf blades usually very narrow, 4.7–13.7 times as long as wide, stipes 0.1–0.5 mm, ovaries long-silky, branches flexible at base, and petioles shallowly grooved adaxially. See Salix ×smithiana [p. 132] and 86. S. pellita for further comparative descriptions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
See 85. Salix drummondiana for comments on differences. Hybrids: Salix lemmonii forms natural hybrids with S. geyeriana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 149. | FNA vol. 7, p. 154. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Viminella | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Geyerianae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1021. (1753) | Bebb: Willows Calif., 88. (1879) |
Web links |