Salix viminalis |
Salix floridana |
|
---|---|---|
basket willow, common osier, osier, osier willow, silky osier |
Florida willow |
|
Stems | branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, or yellowish, not glaucous, glabrous or puberulent; branchlets yellow-brown or yellowish (sometimes color obscured by hairs), glabrous, densely to sparsely villous, velvety, or puberulent. |
branches red-brown, pubescent to glabrescent; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, sparsely velvety or pubescent. |
Leaves | stipules (not adnate to petioles), rudimentary or absent on early ones, (late ones sometimes brownish, linear, 5.4–10.4 mm), apex acuminate; petiole shallowly grooved adaxially, 4–13 mm, villous, puberulent, or velvety adaxially; largest medial blade linear, lorate, narrowly oblong, or narrowly elliptic, 53–130 × 5–33 mm, base cuneate, margins strongly revolute, sinuate or apparently entire, (glands epilaminal), apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface apparently glaucous (obscured by hairs), densely short-silky, woolly, or tomentose, (midribs prominent, yellowish, and hairy), hairs appressed, spreading or erect, straight or wavy, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely or moderately densely pubescent, hairs gray; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade yellowish green, very densely tomentose or short-silky abaxially, hairs white. |
stipules absent or rudimentary on early ones, foliaceous on late ones, apex rounded; petiole (shallowly grooved adaxially), 13–20 mm, puberulent or velvety adaxially; largest medial blade narrowly oblong, oblong, lanceolate, or narrowly ovate, 100–170 × 38–55 mm, 2.5–3(–4) times as long as wide, base rounded, convex, or subcordate (cordate on larger leaves), margins serrulate or spinulose-serrulate, apex acute, acuminate, or convex, abaxial surface sparsely tomentose, hairs straight, adaxial highly glossy, sparsely villous or pilose to glabrescent (midrib remaining villous), hairs white and ferruginous; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade sparsely pubescent to very densely villous or pilose abaxially, hairs white. |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.6–1.5 mm; filaments distinct; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid to shortly cylindrical, 0.6–0.8 mm. |
abaxial nectary 0.4–0.8 mm, adaxial nectary ovate, 0.5–1.1 mm, nectaries distinct or connate and cup-shaped; stamens 3–7; filaments hairy basally; anthers 0.4–0.5 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm; ovary pyriform, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–18 per ovary; styles 0.6–1.8 mm. |
adaxial nectary square, 0.5–0.9 mm; stipe 3.2–5.6 mm; ovary obclavate to ellipsoidal, (rarely puberulent), beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 4 per ovary; styles 0.3–0.4 mm; stigmas 0.16–0.17–0.2 mm. |
Capsules | 4–6 mm. |
6–7 mm. |
Catkins | flowering just before or as leaves emerge; staminate stout, 24–48 mm, flowering branchlet 0–2 mm; pistillate densely flowered, 23–55 mm, flowering branchlet 0–6 mm; floral bract brown or tawny, 1.6–2.2 mm, apex convex or rounded, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
staminate 29–72 × 12–15 mm, flowering branchlet 1–10 mm; pistillate 50–81 × 17–27 mm, flowering branchlet 5–30 mm; floral bract (tawny, sometimes greenish), 2–3.6 mm, apex rounded, entire, abaxially sparsely hairy, hairs wavy; pistillate bract persistent after flowering. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Salix viminalis |
Salix floridana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr-early May. | Flowering mid Feb-early Apr. |
Habitat | Sandy, open woods, cobble rivershores, lake margins, and roadsides | Swamps, marshy shores of streams in woodlands, calcareous areas, shade tolerant |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 10-40 m (0-100 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; IA; IN; MA; ME; NJ; NY; OH; RI; VT; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
AL; FL; GA |
Discussion | Salix ×smithiana (S. caprea × S. viminalis) is distinguished from S. viminalis by having leaf blades usually broad, 2.8–4.9(–6.4) times as long as wide, stipes 0.9–2 mm, ovaries short-silky, branches ± brittle at base, and petioles flat to convex adaxially; S. viminalis has leaf blades usually very narrow, 4.7–13.7 times as long as wide, stipes 0.1–0.5 mm, ovaries long-silky, branches flexible at base, and petioles shallowly grooved adaxially. See Salix ×smithiana [p. 132] and 86. S. pellita for further comparative descriptions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. The closest relatives of Salix floridana are in the Old World sect. Tetraspermae. A detailed discussion of the distribution, taxonomy, and relationships of this uncommon subtropical endemic was given by G. W. Argus (1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 149. | FNA vol. 7, p. 32. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Viminella | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Protitea > sect. Floridanae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1021. (1753) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 430. (1860) |
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