Salix viminalis |
Salix chlorolepis |
|
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basket willow, common osier, osier, osier willow, silky osier |
green-bract willow, greenscale willow |
|
Habit | Plants 0.15–0.2 m, not clonal. | |
Stems | branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, or yellowish, not glaucous, glabrous or puberulent; branchlets yellow-brown or yellowish (sometimes color obscured by hairs), glabrous, densely to sparsely villous, velvety, or puberulent. |
erect; branches red-brown, (weakly glaucous), glabrous; branchlets yellow-brown, glabrous. |
Leaves | stipules (not adnate to petioles), rudimentary or absent on early ones, (late ones sometimes brownish, linear, 5.4–10.4 mm), apex acuminate; petiole shallowly grooved adaxially, 4–13 mm, villous, puberulent, or velvety adaxially; largest medial blade linear, lorate, narrowly oblong, or narrowly elliptic, 53–130 × 5–33 mm, base cuneate, margins strongly revolute, sinuate or apparently entire, (glands epilaminal), apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface apparently glaucous (obscured by hairs), densely short-silky, woolly, or tomentose, (midribs prominent, yellowish, and hairy), hairs appressed, spreading or erect, straight or wavy, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely or moderately densely pubescent, hairs gray; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade yellowish green, very densely tomentose or short-silky abaxially, hairs white. |
stipules absent or rudimentary; petiole (deeply to shallowly grooved adaxially), 1–3.5 mm; largest medial blade elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 14–33 × 7–12 mm, 1.9–3.4 times as long as wide, base cuneate or convex, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire, ciliate, apex acute, convex, or rounded, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial slightly glossy, glabrous; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade (sometimes reddish), glabrous, ciliate. |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.6–1.5 mm; filaments distinct; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid to shortly cylindrical, 0.6–0.8 mm. |
abaxial nectary 0.3–0.4 mm, adaxial nectary oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, nectaries distinct; filaments distinct, glabrous; anthers ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.9–1.4 mm; ovary pyriform, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–18 per ovary; styles 0.6–1.8 mm. |
adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.6 mm, longer than stipe, nectaries distinct or connate and shallowly cup-shaped; stipe 0–0.4 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak abruptly tapering to or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 8–10 per ovary; styles connate to distinct 1/2 their lengths, 0.5–1.3 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or slenderly cylindrical, 0.3–0.6 mm. |
Capsules | 4–6 mm. |
3.6–6 mm. |
Catkins | flowering just before or as leaves emerge; staminate stout, 24–48 mm, flowering branchlet 0–2 mm; pistillate densely flowered, 23–55 mm, flowering branchlet 0–6 mm; floral bract brown or tawny, 1.6–2.2 mm, apex convex or rounded, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
staminate 6.5 × 5–8 mm, flowering branchlet 1–3 mm; pistillate densely flowered, stout or subglobose, 7–12 × 3–6 mm, flowering branchlet 1.8–12 mm; floral bract tawny, brown, or greenish, 1–2.6 mm, apex broadly rounded to retuse, entire, abaxially glabrous. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Salix viminalis |
Salix chlorolepis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr-early May. | Flowering Jul-early Aug. |
Habitat | Sandy, open woods, cobble rivershores, lake margins, and roadsides | Wet Sphagnum bog on alpine, serpentine barrens |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 1000-1200 m (3300-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; IA; IN; MA; ME; NJ; NY; OH; RI; VT; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
QC |
Discussion | Salix ×smithiana (S. caprea × S. viminalis) is distinguished from S. viminalis by having leaf blades usually broad, 2.8–4.9(–6.4) times as long as wide, stipes 0.9–2 mm, ovaries short-silky, branches ± brittle at base, and petioles flat to convex adaxially; S. viminalis has leaf blades usually very narrow, 4.7–13.7 times as long as wide, stipes 0.1–0.5 mm, ovaries long-silky, branches flexible at base, and petioles shallowly grooved adaxially. See Salix ×smithiana [p. 132] and 86. S. pellita for further comparative descriptions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Salix chlorolepis, known from Mt. Albert, is characterized by its general glabrousness. It seems to have a relationship with S. brachycarpa similar to that of S. raupii to S. glauca. Both may have originated through mutation or hybridization. Hybrids: Salix chlorolepis forms natural hybrids with S. brachycarpa var. brachycarpa. Salix chlorolepis × S. pedicellaris is a putative hybrid that has relatively small, glabrous leaves. Both parents occur together on Mt. Albert, Quebec. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 149. | FNA vol. 7, p. 85. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Viminella | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Myrtilloides |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1021. (1753) | Fernald: Rhodora 7: 186. (1905) |
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