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rock willow

green-bract willow, greenscale willow

Habit Plants 0.2–1.5 m. Stems erect; branches brownish or red-brown, (dull), glabrous, long-silky, or villous to glabrescent; branchlets yellow-brown or gray-brown, long-silky, pilose, or moderately densely villous. Plants 0.15–0.2 m, not clonal.
Stems

erect;

branches red-brown, (weakly glaucous), glabrous;

branchlets yellow-brown, glabrous.

Leaves

stipules absent or rudimentary;

petiole (shallowly to deeply grooved adaxially), 2–8 mm, (with 2 spherical glands distally, dark brown, sometimes basilaminar, sparsely pubescent or glabrous adaxially);

largest medial blade hypostomatous, (veins strongly impressed-reticulate), broadly elliptic, subcircular, or obovate, 18–67 × 10–40 mm, 1.1–2.3 times as long as wide, base rounded, convex, or subcordate, margins strongly revolute, crenate or subentire, apex rounded, convex, retuse, or toothed, abaxial surface sparsely to densely villous or long-silky, veins often with long, straight hairs, adaxial slightly glossy, glabrous or sparsely long-silky;

proximal blade margins entire or crenate;

juvenile blade (yellowish green), abaxially very densely long-silky.

stipules absent or rudimentary;

petiole (deeply to shallowly grooved adaxially), 1–3.5 mm;

largest medial blade elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 14–33 × 7–12 mm, 1.9–3.4 times as long as wide, base cuneate or convex, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire, ciliate, apex acute, convex, or rounded, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial slightly glossy, glabrous;

proximal blade margins entire;

juvenile blade (sometimes reddish), glabrous, ciliate.

Staminate flowers

abaxial nectary 0.6–0.8 mm, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, 0.5–1.2 mm, nectaries connate and shallowly cup-shaped, or distinct;

filaments distinct, hairy on proximal 1/2;

anthers ellipsoid or globose, 0.3–0.5 mm.

abaxial nectary 0.3–0.4 mm, adaxial nectary oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, nectaries distinct;

filaments distinct, glabrous;

anthers ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm.

Pistillate flowers

abaxial nectary (0–)0.8–0.9 mm, adaxial nectary oblong, ovate, or narrowly oblong to almost filiform, 0.7–1.4 mm, shorter to longer than stipe, nectaries distinct or connate and cup-shaped;

stipe 0.4–1.2 mm;

ovary pyriform or obnapiform, densely short-silky, hairs cylindrical, beak abruptly tapering to styles;

ovules 13–15 per ovary;

styles connate 1/2 their lengths to almost distinct, 0.2–0.4 mm;

stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, slenderly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes, 0.2–0.28–0.36 mm.

adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.6 mm, longer than stipe, nectaries distinct or connate and shallowly cup-shaped;

stipe 0–0.4 mm;

ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak abruptly tapering to or slightly bulged below styles;

ovules 8–10 per ovary;

styles connate to distinct 1/2 their lengths, 0.5–1.3 mm;

stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or slenderly cylindrical, 0.3–0.6 mm.

Capsules

3–5 mm.

3.6–6 mm.

Catkins

staminate 13–48 × 4–6.5(–8) mm, flowering branchlet 3–31(–50) mm; pistillate densely flowered, slender or stout, 18–56 × 4–10 mm, flowering branchlet 3–27(–40) mm;

floral bract tawny, 0.8–1.6 mm, apex rounded, entire, abaxially densely hairy, hairs straight.

staminate 6.5 × 5–8 mm, flowering branchlet 1–3 mm; pistillate densely flowered, stout or subglobose, 7–12 × 3–6 mm, flowering branchlet 1.8–12 mm;

floral bract tawny, brown, or greenish, 1–2.6 mm, apex broadly rounded to retuse, entire, abaxially glabrous.

2n

= 38.

= 38.

Salix vestita

Salix chlorolepis

Phenology Flowering mid Jun-late Jul. Flowering Jul-early Aug.
Habitat Moist to dry open forests and rocky streamsides, in upper montane and subalpine zones, rarely alpine Wet Sphagnum bog on alpine, serpentine barrens
Elevation 0-2400 m (0-7900 ft) 1000-1200 m (3300-3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
MT; OR; WA; AB; BC; MB; NL; NS; NU; ON; QC; Asia (China [Xinjiang], Mongolia, Russia, e, c Siberia)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
QC
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Salix vestita is an ancient amphiberingian species. Its distribution includes a series of isolated, disjunct populations in Central Siberia, the northern Rocky Mountains, the west coast of Hudson Bay, and the northeastern arctic and subarctic. Occurrence in Nunavut is on Akpatok Island in Ungava Bay and on the Belcher Islands in Hudson Bay. It may be extirpated in Washington.

The flowering and vegetative branchlets sometimes have relatively short internodes. In subsequent years, branches have the appearance of short shoots similar to those in Alnus. Short shoots do not appear on all branches or in all years. The formation of short shoots may be related to adverse growing conditions.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Salix chlorolepis, known from Mt. Albert, is characterized by its general glabrousness. It seems to have a relationship with S. brachycarpa similar to that of S. raupii to S. glauca. Both may have originated through mutation or hybridization.

Hybrids:

Salix chlorolepis forms natural hybrids with S. brachycarpa var. brachycarpa.

Salix chlorolepis × S. pedicellaris is a putative hybrid that has relatively small, glabrous leaves. Both parents occur together on Mt. Albert, Quebec.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 64. FNA vol. 7, p. 85.
Parent taxa Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Chamaetia Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Myrtilloides
Sibling taxa
S. alaxensis, S. alba, S. amygdaloides, S. arbusculoides, S. arctica, S. arctophila, S. argyrocarpa, S. arizonica, S. athabascensis, S. atrocinerea, S. aurita, S. babylonica, S. ballii, S. barclayi, S. barrattiana, S. bebbiana, S. bonplandiana, S. boothii, S. brachycarpa, S. breweri, S. calcicola, S. candida, S. caprea, S. caroliniana, S. cascadensis, S. chamissonis, S. chlorolepis, S. cinerea, S. columbiana, S. commutata, S. cordata, S. daphnoides, S. delnortensis, S. discolor, S. drummondiana, S. eastwoodiae, S. elaeagnos, S. eriocephala, S. euxina, S. exigua, S. famelica, S. farriae, S. floridana, S. fuscescens, S. geyeriana, S. glauca, S. gooddingii, S. hastata, S. herbacea, S. hookeriana, S. humboldtiana, S. humilis, S. interior, S. irrorata, S. jejuna, S. jepsonii, S. laevigata, S. lasiandra, S. lasiolepis, S. lemmonii, S. ligulifolia, S. lucida, S. lutea, S. maccalliana, S. melanopsis, S. monochroma, S. monticola, S. myricoides, S. myrsinifolia, S. myrtillifolia, S. nigra, S. niphoclada, S. nivalis, S. nummularia, S. orestera, S. ovalifolia, S. pedicellaris, S. pellita, S. pentandra, S. petiolaris, S. petrophila, S. phlebophylla, S. planifolia, S. polaris, S. prolixa, S. pseudomonticola, S. pseudomyrsinites, S. pulchra, S. purpurea, S. pyrifolia, S. raupii, S. reticulata, S. richardsonii, S. rotundifolia, S. scouleriana, S. sericea, S. serissima, S. sessilifolia, S. setchelliana, S. silicicola, S. sitchensis, S. sphenophylla, S. stolonifera, S. taxifolia, S. thurberi, S. tracyi, S. triandra, S. turnorii, S. tweedyi, S. tyrrellii, S. uva-ursi, S. viminalis, S. wolfii, S. ×fragilis, S. ×jesupii, S. ×pendulina, S. ×sepulcralis, S. ×smithiana
S. alaxensis, S. alba, S. amygdaloides, S. arbusculoides, S. arctica, S. arctophila, S. argyrocarpa, S. arizonica, S. athabascensis, S. atrocinerea, S. aurita, S. babylonica, S. ballii, S. barclayi, S. barrattiana, S. bebbiana, S. bonplandiana, S. boothii, S. brachycarpa, S. breweri, S. calcicola, S. candida, S. caprea, S. caroliniana, S. cascadensis, S. chamissonis, S. cinerea, S. columbiana, S. commutata, S. cordata, S. daphnoides, S. delnortensis, S. discolor, S. drummondiana, S. eastwoodiae, S. elaeagnos, S. eriocephala, S. euxina, S. exigua, S. famelica, S. farriae, S. floridana, S. fuscescens, S. geyeriana, S. glauca, S. gooddingii, S. hastata, S. herbacea, S. hookeriana, S. humboldtiana, S. humilis, S. interior, S. irrorata, S. jejuna, S. jepsonii, S. laevigata, S. lasiandra, S. lasiolepis, S. lemmonii, S. ligulifolia, S. lucida, S. lutea, S. maccalliana, S. melanopsis, S. monochroma, S. monticola, S. myricoides, S. myrsinifolia, S. myrtillifolia, S. nigra, S. niphoclada, S. nivalis, S. nummularia, S. orestera, S. ovalifolia, S. pedicellaris, S. pellita, S. pentandra, S. petiolaris, S. petrophila, S. phlebophylla, S. planifolia, S. polaris, S. prolixa, S. pseudomonticola, S. pseudomyrsinites, S. pulchra, S. purpurea, S. pyrifolia, S. raupii, S. reticulata, S. richardsonii, S. rotundifolia, S. scouleriana, S. sericea, S. serissima, S. sessilifolia, S. setchelliana, S. silicicola, S. sitchensis, S. sphenophylla, S. stolonifera, S. taxifolia, S. thurberi, S. tracyi, S. triandra, S. turnorii, S. tweedyi, S. tyrrellii, S. uva-ursi, S. vestita, S. viminalis, S. wolfii, S. ×fragilis, S. ×jesupii, S. ×pendulina, S. ×sepulcralis, S. ×smithiana
Synonyms S. leiolepis, S. vestita subsp. leiolepis, S. vestita var. psilophylla
Name authority Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 610. (1813) Fernald: Rhodora 7: 186. (1905)
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