Salix uva-ursi |
Salix calcicola |
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bearberry willow |
limestone willow, woolly willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.01–0.05 m, (dwarf), forming clonal compact mats by layering. | Plants 0.05–1.3 m, (gnarled, sometimes forming clones by layering). | ||||
Stems | prostrate, short-trailing; branches red-brown, gray-brown, or yellow-brown, glabrous; branchlets yellow-green or yellow-brown, glabrous or puberulent. |
branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, orred-brown, not to weakly glaucous (dull or slightly glossy), villous to glabrescent; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, moderately densely to sparsely villous, (buds caprea- or arctica-type, scale inner membranaceous layer free, separating from outer layer in var. calcicola). |
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Leaves | stipules (sometimes marcescent) absent, rudimentary, or foliaceous on early ones, foliaceous on late ones; petiole (shallowly to deeply grooved adaxially), 2–6.5 mm; largest medial blade (marcescent), amphistomatous or hypostomatous, ovate, broadly obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 4–23 × 3.5–10 mm, 1.7–3.6 times as long as wide, base convex or cuneate, margins flat, serrulate or crenulate, apex convex, acuminate, acute, or retuse, abaxial surface glaucous, usually glabrous (rarely few hairs), adaxial slightly or highly glossy, usually glabrous (rarely a few hairs); proximal blade margins entire or serrate; juvenile blade glabrous, pilose, or puberulent abaxially. |
stipules (sometimes marcescent), foliaceous, (1–6–14 mm, 1.1–2–4.4 times as long as wide, usually ovate, oval, or narrowly elliptic, flat when pressed), apex acute, convex, or rounded; petiole shallowly grooved, or convex to flat adaxially, 1.5–3.8–9 mm, villous or pilose adaxially; largest medial blade (sometimes hemiamphistomatous), narrowly to broadly elliptic or subcircular, 16–31.5–61 × 10–21.8–44 mm, 0.7–1.5–2.6 times as long as wide, base rounded or convex, sometimes cordate or cuneate, margins (sometimes purplish), flat, entire or serrulate, apex acuminate, acute, or rounded, abaxial surface glaucous, sparsely villous or pilose to glabrescent, hairs straight, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely villous or pilose; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade reddish or yellowish green, moderately densely villous abaxially, hairs white. |
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Staminate flowers | abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.4–0.9 mm; filaments distinct, glabrous; stamens usually 1, rarely 2; anthers ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical, 0.4–0.7 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong or narrowly oblong, 0.5–1.2 mm; filaments distinct, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical, 0.5–0.7 mm. |
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Pistillate flowers | abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, shorter to longer than stipe; stipe 0.3–1.6 mm; ovary ovoid or pyriform, glabrous, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 4–9 per ovary; styles 0.4–1 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or slenderly cylindrical, 0.1–0.23–0.4 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong, 0.2–1.1 mm, longer than or equal to stipe (rarely shorter); stipe 0.2–1.2 mm; ovary pyriform or obclavate, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 13–20 per ovary; styles 0.9–3 mm; stigmas broadly cylindrical, 0.2–0.56 mm. |
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Capsules | 3–5 mm. |
4–8 mm. |
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Catkins | staminate 9–19 × 5–8 mm, flowering branchlet 0.5–9 mm; pistillate densely flowered, slender to subglobose, 11–47(–55 in fruit) × 6–10 mm, flowering branchlet 2–10 mm; floral bract brown, black, tawny, light rose, or bicolor, 1.1–1.8 mm, apex rounded or acute, entire, abaxially sparsely hairy, hairs straight or wavy. |
flowering before leaves emerge; staminate (no data on var. glandulosior) stout, 18–45 × 13–21 mm, flowering branchlet 0 mm; pistillate (no data on var. glandulosior except flowering branchlet length) densely flowered, stout, 32–75(–100 in fruit) × 12–25 mm, flowering branchlet 0–5 mm; floral bract brown or black, 1.2–3.2 mm, apex rounded or acute, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
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2n | = 38. |
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Salix uva-ursi |
Salix calcicola |
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Phenology | Flowering mid Jun-early Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Exposed, often dry or moist, calcareous, serpentine, dioritic, and granitic rocks, boulders, gravel, sand on beaches, outcrops, in snowbeds | |||||
Elevation | 10-1200 m (0-3900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
ME; NH; NY; VT; NL; NS; NU; QC; SPM; Greenland
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CO; AB; MB; NU; ON; QC |
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Discussion | Hybrids: Salix uva-ursi forms natural hybrids with S. herbacea. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 73. | FNA vol. 7, p. 143. | ||||
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Myrtosalix | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Lanatae | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | S. ivigtutiana, S. myrsinites var. parvifolia | S. richardsonii var. macouniana, S. lanata subsp. calcicola | ||||
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 610. (1813) | Fernald & Wiegand: Rhodora 13: 251. (1911) | ||||
Web links |