Salix uva-ursi |
Salix bonplandiana |
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bearberry willow |
Bonpland willow, Bonpland's willow, red willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.01–0.05 m, (dwarf), forming clonal compact mats by layering. | Trees, 1–13 m. Stems: branches yellow-brown to red-brown, glabrous; branchlets yellowish, streaked with red or red-brown, glabrous or puberulent, nodes hairy. |
Stems | prostrate, short-trailing; branches red-brown, gray-brown, or yellow-brown, glabrous; branchlets yellow-green or yellow-brown, glabrous or puberulent. |
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Leaves | stipules (sometimes marcescent) absent, rudimentary, or foliaceous on early ones, foliaceous on late ones; petiole (shallowly to deeply grooved adaxially), 2–6.5 mm; largest medial blade (marcescent), amphistomatous or hypostomatous, ovate, broadly obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 4–23 × 3.5–10 mm, 1.7–3.6 times as long as wide, base convex or cuneate, margins flat, serrulate or crenulate, apex convex, acuminate, acute, or retuse, abaxial surface glaucous, usually glabrous (rarely few hairs), adaxial slightly or highly glossy, usually glabrous (rarely a few hairs); proximal blade margins entire or serrate; juvenile blade glabrous, pilose, or puberulent abaxially. |
(marcescent), stipules absent or rudimentary on early ones, foliaceous on late ones, apex rounded, convex, or acute; petiole (rarely with spherical glands distally), 4–16 mm, puberulent or pubescent to glabrescent adaxially; largest medial blade lorate to narrowly lanceolate, 58–155 × 7–27 mm, 4.5–10.7 times as long as wide, base cuneate to convex, margins serrulate to crenulate or entire, apex acuminate to acute, abaxial surface glabrous or glabrescent, hairs appressed, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, glabrous or pilose; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade glabrous, puberulent, pilose, or sparsely long-silky abaxially, hairs white. |
Staminate flowers | abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.4–0.9 mm; filaments distinct, glabrous; stamens usually 1, rarely 2; anthers ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical, 0.4–0.7 mm. |
abaxial nectary 0.2–0.6 mm, adaxial nectary oblong, square, or ovate, 0.2–0.6 mm, nectaries distinct or connate and cup-shaped; stamens 3–7; filaments hairy basally; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, shorter to longer than stipe; stipe 0.3–1.6 mm; ovary ovoid or pyriform, glabrous, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 4–9 per ovary; styles 0.4–1 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or slenderly cylindrical, 0.1–0.23–0.4 mm. |
adaxial nectary square to oblong, 0.3–0.6 mm; stipe 0.4–2.4 mm; ovary pyriform to obturbinate, beak slightly bulged below or tapering to styles; ovules 8–18 per ovary; styles 0.2–0.3 mm; stigmas (sometimes slenderly cylindrical), 0.18–0.27–0.32 mm. |
Capsules | 3–5 mm. |
3–6 mm. |
Catkins | staminate 9–19 × 5–8 mm, flowering branchlet 0.5–9 mm; pistillate densely flowered, slender to subglobose, 11–47(–55 in fruit) × 6–10 mm, flowering branchlet 2–10 mm; floral bract brown, black, tawny, light rose, or bicolor, 1.1–1.8 mm, apex rounded or acute, entire, abaxially sparsely hairy, hairs straight or wavy. |
(usually flowering throughout season and axillary, sessile), staminate 24–131 × 3–10 mm, flowering branchlet 0–12 mm; pistillate (densely to loosely flowered), 24–47 × 6–12 mm, flowering branchlet 0–10 mm; floral bract 0.6–2.2 mm, apex rounded to convex, irregularly toothed or entire, abaxially sparsely to moderately densely hairy proximally, hairs irregularly curly; pistillate bract persistent after flowering. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Salix uva-ursi |
Salix bonplandiana |
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Phenology | Flowering mid Jun-early Aug. | Flowering Feb–Apr and throughout year. |
Habitat | Exposed, often dry or moist, calcareous, serpentine, dioritic, and granitic rocks, boulders, gravel, sand on beaches, outcrops, in snowbeds | Riparian forests, along streams, dry washes |
Elevation | 10-1200 m (0-3900 ft) | 700-2000 m (2300-6600 ft) |
Distribution |
ME; NH; NY; VT; NL; NS; NU; QC; SPM; Greenland
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AZ; Mexico (Baja California, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Central America (Guatemala)
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Discussion | Hybrids: Salix uva-ursi forms natural hybrids with S. herbacea. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Salix bonplandiana and S. laevigata are closely related and are sometimes treated as varieties (R. D. Dorn 1994). Their ranges overlap in Arizona and in northern Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 73. | FNA vol. 7, p. 33. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Myrtosalix | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Protitea > sect. Humboldtianae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. ivigtutiana, S. myrsinites var. parvifolia | S. bonplandiana var. toumeyi |
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 610. (1813) | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2(qto.): 24: plates 101, 102. (1817) |
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