Salix orestera |
Salix reticulata |
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gray-leaf Sierra willow, gray-leafed Sierra willow, Sierra willow |
net-leaf willow, net-vein willow, netted willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.5–2 m. Stems: branches dark red-brown or yellow-brown, not to strongly glaucous, glabrous; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, (not or weakly glaucous), pilose or pubescent, hairs straight, wavy, or geniculate, (inner membranaceous bud-scale layer free, separating from outer layer). | Plants 0.03–0.15 m, (dwarf, forming clones by layering). |
Stems | trailing; branches and branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, glabrous. |
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Leaves | stipules foliaceous, rudimentary, or absent on early ones, foliaceous on late ones, apex acute; petiole convex to flat, or shallowly grooved adaxially, 4–9 mm, pilose adaxially; largest medial blade (sometimes amphistomatous), lorate, narrowly oblong, narrowly elliptic, or oblanceolate, 35–95 × 7.5–20 mm, 3.4–7.1 times as long as wide, base cuneate or convex, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire, apex acute, acuminate, or convex, abaxial surface glaucous (sometimes obscured by hairs), sparsely to moderately densely long- to short-silky or pubescent, hairs (white, sometimes also ferruginous), straight or wavy, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely or moderately densely pubescent or long- to short-silky, (hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous); proximal blade margins entire or serrulate; juvenile blade densely long-silky abaxially, hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous. |
stipules absent or rudimentary; petiole 3–46 mm, (sometimes glandular distally); largest medial blade amphistomatous or hemiamphistomatous, (2 pairs of secondary veins arising at or close to base, arcing toward apex), oblong, broadly oblong, broadly elliptic, subcircular, or circular, (8–)12–66 × 8–50 mm, 1–1.5 times as long as wide, base convex, rounded, subcordate, or cordate, margins slightly revolute, entire or crenulate (glandular-dotted), apex rounded, convex, or retuse, abaxial surface sparsely long-silky to glabrescent, adaxial (venation deeply impressed), slightly or highly glossy, glabrous or pilose; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade glabrous. |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or ovate, 0.6–1.1 mm; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, hairy basally; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.6–1 mm. |
abaxial nectary 0.5–0.9 mm, adaxial nectary oblong or ovate, 0.5–1 mm, nectaries connate and cup-shaped; filaments distinct, hairy on proximal 1/2 or throughout; anthers ellipsoid or globose, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or flask-shaped, 0.7–1.3 mm, shorter than or equal to stipe; stipe 0.8–2 mm; ovary obclavate or pyriform, short-silky-villous, beak gradually tapering to or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 15–16 per ovary; styles 0.6–1 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded or pointed tip, or broadly cylindrical, 0.24–0.32–0.44 mm. |
abaxial nectary (0–)0.3–0.5 mm, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, 0.5–1 mm, equal to or longer than stipe, nectaries distinct or connate and cup-shaped; stipe 0–0.8 mm; ovary pyriform or ovoid, short-silky, hairs flattened, beak abruptly tapering to styles; ovules 8–18 per ovary; styles connate to distinct 1/2 their lengths, 0.2–0.3 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes, 0.2–0.26–0.36 mm. |
Capsules | 5–10 mm. |
4.5–5 mm. |
Catkins | flowering as leaves emerge; staminate stout, 15.5–34 × 7–14 mm, flowering branchlet 1–8 mm; pistillate moderately densely flowered, stout, 20–55(–65 in fruit) × 11–13 mm, flowering branchlet 2–15 mm; floral bract dark brown or bicolor, 1.2–2.5 mm, apex acute or rounded, abaxially hairy, hairs straight or wavy. |
staminate 11–54 × 4–9 mm, flowering branchlet 2–28 mm; pistillate densely flowered (more than 6 flowers), slender or stout, 11–79 × 3–8 mm, flowering branchlet 2–37 mm; floral bract tawny, 0.8–1.8 mm, apex rounded to retuse, entire, abaxially glabrous. |
2n | = 38. |
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Salix orestera |
Salix reticulata |
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Phenology | Flowering late May-late Aug. | Flowering early Jun-mid Aug. |
Habitat | Subalpine meadows, slopes, lakes, streams, granite substrates | Arctic-alpine, polygonal tundra, dry tussock tundra, partially stabilized sand dunes, sedge meadows, Dryas tundra on alpine cliffs and ledges, snowbeds, stabilized talus slopes, white spruce woods, treed bogs |
Elevation | 2100-4000 m (6900-13100 ft) | 0-3500 m (0-11500 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; NV; OR
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AK; CO; AB; BC; MB; NL; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Europe; Asia (Chukotka, Russian Far East, arctic, e Siberia, Spitzbergen)
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Discussion | Salix orestera is so similar to S. glauca var. villosa that it is sometimes included in S. glauca. It is phenetically most similar to S. eastwoodiae and S. lemmonii (G. W. Argus 1997), and the possibility that it is a hybrid or an alloploid involving those species needs study. Salix orestera can be distinguished from S. glauca var. villosa in having largest medial blades usually narrower, 3.4–7.1 times as long as wide, abaxial surfaces distinctly silky with appressed hairs pointing toward apex, hairs sometimes ferruginous, secondary veins raised abaxially and adaxially, branches often strongly glaucous, and staminate flowers without abaxial nectaries; S. glauca var. villosa has largest medial blades usually broader, 2.2–3.9 times as long as wide, abaxial surfaces usually glabrescent or, if hairy, hairs unkempt, slightly spreading, hairs always white, secondary veins raised abaxially, flat or impressed adaxially, branches not glaucous, staminate flowers often with abaxial nectaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The reported occurrence of Salix reticulata in Colorado (R. D. Dorn 1997) needs further study. Salix reticulata occurs in Europe in northern Scotland, northern Scandinavia, the Alps and other European mountains, and arctic Eurasia. The species is circumpolar except for Greenland and Iceland. A population of Salix reticulata on the Queen Charlotte Islands, with consistently glabrous ovaries, was named subsp. glabellicarpa. Some southeastern Alaska populations have plants with glabrous, partially hairy, and completely short-silky ovaries growing together. The possibility that subsp. glabellicarpa may be a hybrid or a simple mutation needs study. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 108. | FNA vol. 7, p. 65. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Hastatae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Chamaetia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. commutata var. rubicunda, S. glauca subsp. orestera, S. glauca var. orestera | S. reticulata var. gigantifolia, S. reticulata subsp. glabellicarpa, S. reticulata var. semicalva |
Name authority | C. K. Schneider: J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 164. (1920) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1018. (1753) |
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