Salix interior
Salix pedicellaris
sandbar willow
bog willow
erect, decumbent or trailing;
branches gray-brown, glabrous;
branchlets yellow-brown or red-yellow, glabrous or puberulent (hairs straight, minute, inner membranaceous bud-scale layer free, not separating from outer layer).
stipules absent or rudimentary on early ones, rudimentary or foliaceous on late ones;
petiole 1–5(–9) mm, glabrous or sparsely villous adaxially;
largest medial blade linear to lorate, 60–160 × 4–11 mm, (6.5–)11–19(–31) times as long as wide, base cuneate, margins flat, remotely spinulose-serrulate (teeth 2–5 per cm), apex acute or subacuminate, abaxial surface thinly glaucous, densely villous or long-silky to glabrescent, adaxial slightly glossy, pilose or densely villous to glabrescent;
proximal blade margins entire;
juvenile blade reddish or yellowish green, moderately densely to sparsely long-silky abaxially.
stipules absent or rudimentary;
petiole (deeply to shallowly grooved adaxially), 3–8 mm, (glabrous or puberulent);
largest medial blade narrowly oblong, oblong, narrowly to broadly elliptic, narrowly oblanceolate or oblanceolate, 19–53(–69) × 5–20 mm, 1.8–4.9 times as long as wide, base convex or rounded, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire, apex acute, convex, or rounded, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial dull, glaucous, glabrous (rarely very sparsely short-silky, hairs usually white, sometimes also ferruginous);
proximal blade margins entire;
juvenile blade (reddish or yellowish green), glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely pubescent abaxially, (hairs usually white, sometimes also ferruginous).
abaxial nectary 0.5–1.1 mm, adaxial nectary ovate, narrowly oblong, or flask-shaped, 0.6–1.4 mm, nectaries distinct;
filaments hairy;
anthers 0.4–0.9 mm.
abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary oblong or narrowly oblong, 0.5–1.1 mm;
filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous, or hairy basally or on proximal 1/2;
anthers (yellow), ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm.
adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, 0.4–1.1 mm, shorter to longer than stipe;
stipe 0.4–0.8 mm;
ovary obclavate to pyriform, glabrous, glabrescent, or long-silky, beak abruptly tapering to styles;
ovules 16–36 per ovary;
styles 0–0.2 mm;
stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with pointed tip, or broadly cylindrical, 0.3–0.7 mm.
abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary oblong, 0.2–1.4 mm, shorter than stipe;
stipe 2.1–3.2 mm;
ovary obclavate, often glaucous, glabrous, beak abruptly tapering to styles;
ovules 4–6 per ovary;
styles connate or distinct 1/2 their lengths, 0.1–0.2 mm;
stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or 2 plump lobes, 0.2–0.25–0.36 mm.
(4–)5–8(–10) mm.
4–8 mm.
(flowering throughout season); staminate 20–61 × 4–10 mm, flowering branchlet 3–20 mm; pistillate loosely flowered, slender or stout, 20–67 × 5–9 mm, flowering branchlet 3–19 mm;
floral bract (sometimes greenish), 1.5–3.5 mm, apex acute, acuminate, or rounded, entire, erose, or toothed, abaxially hairy either proximally or distally, hairs wavy.
staminate 11–21 × 4–8 mm, flowering branchlet 3–12 mm; pistillate loosely flowered, stout or subglobose, 14–37 × 5–14 mm, flowering branchlet 7–25 mm;
floral bract tawny or light rose, 0.8–1.6 mm, apex rounded, entire, abaxially very sparsely hairy distally, hairs straight or wavy.
= 38.
= 38, 57, 76.
Salix interior
Salix pedicellaris
Sometimes Salix interior is treated as a subspecies of S. exigua (R. D. Dorn 1998). Salix exigua and S. interior hybridize and apparently intergrade in the western Great Plains; because the area of overlap is relatively small and distinctiveness of the two taxa is not compromised by hybridization and introgression, it is best to treat them as separate species.
Leaves on sylleptic shoots are usually very densely silky. Salix interior sometimes has shoots that arise from buds on either side of the normal axillary bud. They do not seem to be directly related to the stipules because they are enclosed by the petiole. Catkins with both staminate and pistillate flowers are rare in S. interior, but a Quebec specimen had some catkins predominantly pistillate and others staminate; most were a mixture. The flowers were not teratological, but a mature capsule contained aborted ovules.
Hybrids:
Salix interior forms natural hybrids with S. exigua var. exigua. Controlled pollinations using S. interior (as S. exigua) from southern Ontario (A. Mosseler 1990) successfully produced F1 hybrids with S. bebbiana, S. discolor, S. eriocephala, and S. petiolaris. Seed production was usually relatively low, except in crosses with S. discolor. In general, F1 viability was relatively low in crosses with these members of subg. Vetrix. No seeds were produced in crosses with members of subgenera Protitea or Salix. Morphology of the hybrids usually was intermediate between the two parents, but when S. petiolaris was used as the maternal parent, the F1s more closely resembled that species. J. Salick and E. Pfeffer (1999) extended these findings to show that, although crosses between S. interior (as S. exigua) and S. eriocephala are partially sterile, their clonal growth parameters (sprouting, shoot length, and biomass production) are strong and thus permit these partially sterile hybrids to exist as successful individuals and perhaps to “... make a contribution to interspecific gene flow over time.” Of particular taxonomic interest is that, in this cross, the staminate parent has a significant influence on leaf shape, whereas in the cross S. eriocephala × S. petiolaris it is the pistillate parent that is significant for leaf shape. Relatively few hybrids resembling those produced by Mosseler have been recognized in nature, but it is possible that the unusually broadly leaved plants named S. interior var. exterior and var. wheeleri, from northern Maine, Nebraska, New York, and West Virginia, and probably elsewhere, may be hybrids. Phenological isolation may be strong enough to prevent crosses in nature (A. Mosseler and C. S. Papadopol 1989) with the earlier flowering S. eriocephala and S. petiolaris, a barrier that even an occasional period of overlap cannot breach.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Salix pedicellaris is found in Nunavut on Akimiski Island in James Bay and on the Belcher Islands in Hudson Bay.
Salix pedicellaris is very distinct with decumbent habit, leathery, glabrous leaves that are glaucous on both surfaces, loosely flowered catkins, ovaries reddish, glabrous and often glaucous, and stipes 2.1–3.2 mm. In the flora area, it hybridizes with six other species (see below). This compares with the closely related European S. myrtilloides Linnaeus, which is reported (B. Jonsell and T. Karlsson 2000+, vol. 1) to hybridize with seven species. The distinctive appearance may make hybrids easily recognizable but it is complex cytologically.
Hybrids:
Salix pedicellaris forms natural hybrids with S. arctica, S. argyrocarpa, S. athabascensis, S. chlorolepis, S. glauca var. cordifolia, S. pedicellaris, and S. pellita. Hybrids with S. candida and S. eriocephala have been reported (M. L. Fernald 1950) but no convincing specimens have been seen.
Salix pedicellaris × S. pellita (S. ×jamesensis Lepage) was described from the west coast of James Bay, Ontario. It is to be expected throughout northern Ontario and Quebec. According to E. Lepage (1964), its yellowish midveins and the hairiness of floral bracts superficially resemble those of S. pellita forma psila C. K. Schneider (syn. S. pellita forma denudata), but its reticulate leaf venation resembles that of S. pedicellaris.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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