Salix humboldtiana |
Salix richardsonii |
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Humboldt's willow |
Richardson's willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.3–6.5 m. Stems: branches red-brown, yellow-brown, or violet, not to strongly glaucous (slightly or highly glossy), villous to glabrescent with persistent patches of hairs; branchlets red-brown or yellow-brown, pilose to densely villous, (buds caprea-type, scale inner membrane free, separating from outer layer). | |
Leaves | stipules (sometimes marcescent), foliaceous, (3–12–35 mm, 1.7–3.6–6.6 times as long as wide, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, sometimes ovate or oval, base broad, abruptly tapering), apex acuminate or acute; petiole convex to flat or shallowly grooved adaxially, 2–7.3–27 mm, villous to glabrescent adaxially; largest medial blade broadly to narrowly elliptic, or obovate, 23–45–100 × 10–22–55 mm, 1.2–2.2–4.2 times as long as wide, base cuneate, convex, or concave, margins slightly revolute or flat, entire or serrulate, apex acute, acuminate, or convex, abaxial surface glaucous, glabrous or pilose, hairs (white, sometimes also ferruginous), curved, adaxial slightly glossy, moderately densely villous or pilose to glabrescent; proximal blade margins usually entire, sometimes serrulate; juvenile blade yellowish green, abaxially densely villous or pilose, sometimes glabrous, hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous. |
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Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong to oblong, 0.7–1.8 mm; filaments distinct to connate ca. 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid to shortly cylindrical, 0.5–0.8 mm. |
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Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, oblong, or flask-shaped, 0.6–1.4 mm (2+-lobed), longer than stipe; stipe 0.4–1 mm; ovary pyriform, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 22–37 per ovary; styles 1–2.8 mm; stigmas slenderly cylindrical, 0.32–0.63–0.86 mm. |
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Capsules | 4.5–6.8 mm. |
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Salix | humboldtiana Willdenow: Humboldt willow is not known to occur in the flora area. |
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It | is characterized by: trees, 4–25 m; branches highly brittle at base, bud-scale margins distinct and overlapping adaxially; stipules on late leaves rudimentary or foliaceous; largest medial leaf blade usually linear, abaxial surface not glaucous, adaxial dull; pistillate bract deciduous after flowering; stamens 3–7; capsules with distinct, often raised, white veins.; it occurs throughout much of Mexico to central Chile. |
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Catkins | flowering before leaves emerge; staminate stout or subglobose, 22–53 × 16–24 mm, flowering branchlet 0 mm; pistillate densely flowered, slender or stout, 25–69(–85 in fruit) × 13–20 mm, flowering branchlet 0–2 mm; floral bract brown or black, 2.4–3.2 mm, apex acute, rounded, or retuse, abaxially moderately densely hairy, hairs straight. |
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2n | = 38. |
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Salix humboldtiana |
Salix richardsonii |
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Phenology | Flowering late May-early Jul. | |
Habitat | Arctic, subarctic, subalpine and boreal, stream terraces and floodplains, open forests, wet sedge meadows, fens, drumlin fields, gravel ridges, bogs, cliff ledges, snowbeds, silt, sand and gravel, calcareous or igneous substrates | |
Elevation | 10-1800 m (0-5900 ft) | |
Distribution |
Mexico to central Chile |
AK; BC; MB; NT; NU; YT; e Asia (Chukotka, Kamchatka, Russia [Anadyr], e Siberia) |
Discussion | Salix humboldtiana is closely related to S. nigra in its generally narrow leaf blades, which are not glaucous abaxially. The two differ in the following characters: S. humboldtiana has leaf blades linear to sometimes narrowly oblong (10–28.6 times as long as wide), ovaries usually ovoid to ellipsoid, ovary walls often stomatiferous and with raised, white veins, and capsule valves relatively thick, slightly recurved. S. nigra has leaf blades usually narrowly lanceolate (6–13 times as long as wide), ovaries pyriform to obclavate, ovary walls neither stomatiferous nor notably veined, and capsule valves relatively thin and strongly recurved. Both species occur in Chihuahua, Mexico. The report by R. I. Lonard et al. (1991) that specimens identified as Salix nigra from the lower Rio Grande, Texas, resemble S. humboldtiana in having strongly veined capsules suggests that S. humboldtiana, or intergrades with that species, may occur in Texas. Attempts to locate a voucher specimen were unsuccessful; because strongly veined capsules are diagnostic, further field study is indicated. An earlier name, Salix chilensis Molina, has been applied to this species; it does not seem to pertain to this taxon (C. K. Schneider 1918). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hybrids: Salix richardsonii forms natural hybrids with S. barclayi and S. calcicola. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 34. | FNA vol. 7, p. 144. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Protitea > sect. Humboldtianae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Lanatae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. lanata subsp. richardsonii, S. richardsonii var. mckeandii | |
Name authority | Willdenow | Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 147, plate 182. (1838) |
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