Salix humboldtiana |
Salix nummularia |
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Humboldt's willow |
barren ground willow, coin-leaf willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.01–0.03 m, (dwarf), forming clones by layering. | |
Stems | trailing; branches yellow-brown or red-brown, glabrous; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, pubescent, pilose, or glabrescent. |
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Leaves | stipules absent or rudimentary; petiole 1.5–2 mm (glabrous or pubescent adaxially); largest medial blade (2 pairs of secondary veins arising at or close to base, arcing toward apex) broadly elliptic, subcircular, broadly ovate, or elliptic, 9–22(–30) × 7.5–14(–19) mm, 1.2–2 times as long as wide, base rounded, subcordate, cordate, or convex, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire or serrulate, apex convex, rounded, or retuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial highly glossy, glabrous; proximal blade margins entire or serrulate; juvenile blade pilose or puberulent abaxially. |
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Staminate flowers | abaxial nectary (0.3–)0.5–0.7 mm, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.7–1.1 mm, nectaries distinct, or connate and cup-shaped; filaments distinct or connate less than 1/2 their lengths, glabrous; anthers ellipsoid, 0.4–0.5 mm. |
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Pistillate flowers | abaxial nectary (0–)0.6–0.9 mm, adaxial nectary narrowly oblong or oblong, 0.6–1.4 mm, longer than stipe, nectaries connate and shallowly cup-shaped; stipe 0–0.7 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak slightly bulged below styles; ovules 8–10 per ovary; styles 0.2–1 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or broadly cylindrical, 0.2–0.27–0.32 mm. |
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Capsules | 3.5–7.5 mm. |
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Salix | humboldtiana Willdenow: Humboldt willow is not known to occur in the flora area. |
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It | is characterized by: trees, 4–25 m; branches highly brittle at base, bud-scale margins distinct and overlapping adaxially; stipules on late leaves rudimentary or foliaceous; largest medial leaf blade usually linear, abaxial surface not glaucous, adaxial dull; pistillate bract deciduous after flowering; stamens 3–7; capsules with distinct, often raised, white veins.; it occurs throughout much of Mexico to central Chile. |
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Catkins | from lateral buds; staminate (3–8 flowers), 3.2–6.6 × 2–5.2 mm, flowering branchlet 0.8–4.6 mm; pistillate loosely flowered (3–5 flowers), shape indeterminate, 7.5–13 × 3–10 mm, flowering branchlet 0.5–10 mm; floral bract tawny, 0.6–1.4 mm, apex rounded or truncate, entire, abaxially glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
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2n | = 38. |
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Salix humboldtiana |
Salix nummularia |
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Phenology | Flowering late Jun-early Aug (based on Russian collections). | |
Habitat | Exposed, relatively dry, stony, moss-lichen, and moss tundra, polygonal tundra, outcrops, marine sediments, sand dunes, restricted to snow-free areas, usually on acidic substrates | |
Elevation | 0-1900 m (0-6200 ft) | |
Distribution |
Mexico to central Chile |
AK; Asia (China [Jilin], Chukotka, Japan [Hokkaido], North Korea, Russian Far East, arctic, e Siberia) |
Discussion | Salix humboldtiana is closely related to S. nigra in its generally narrow leaf blades, which are not glaucous abaxially. The two differ in the following characters: S. humboldtiana has leaf blades linear to sometimes narrowly oblong (10–28.6 times as long as wide), ovaries usually ovoid to ellipsoid, ovary walls often stomatiferous and with raised, white veins, and capsule valves relatively thick, slightly recurved. S. nigra has leaf blades usually narrowly lanceolate (6–13 times as long as wide), ovaries pyriform to obclavate, ovary walls neither stomatiferous nor notably veined, and capsule valves relatively thin and strongly recurved. Both species occur in Chihuahua, Mexico. The report by R. I. Lonard et al. (1991) that specimens identified as Salix nigra from the lower Rio Grande, Texas, resemble S. humboldtiana in having strongly veined capsules suggests that S. humboldtiana, or intergrades with that species, may occur in Texas. Attempts to locate a voucher specimen were unsuccessful; because strongly veined capsules are diagnostic, further field study is indicated. An earlier name, Salix chilensis Molina, has been applied to this species; it does not seem to pertain to this taxon (C. K. Schneider 1918). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Salix nummularia occurs in Alaska on St. Paul Island. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 34. | FNA vol. 7, p. 68. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Protitea > sect. Humboldtianae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Herbella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. nummularia subsp. tundricola | |
Name authority | Willdenow | Andersson: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 298. (1868) |
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