Salix humboldtiana |
Salix atrocinerea |
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Humboldt's willow |
large gray willow, rusty willow |
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Habit | Shrubs, 3–12 m. Stems: branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, or red-brown, not glaucous, pilose or villous to glabrescent, (peeled wood often with many striae, to 45 mm); branchlets gray-brown or yellow-brown, puberulent, pilose, villous, or velvety. | |
Leaves | stipules (sometimes marcescent) foliaceous, apex acute; petiole convex to flat adaxially, 3–15 mm, tomentose, or velvety to glabrescent adaxially; largest medial blade narrowly to broadly elliptic, oblanceolate, obovate, broadly obovate, 29–105 × 14–52 mm, 1.8–4.3 times as long as wide, base cuneate or convex, margins slightly revolute, entire, crenate, or sinuate, (glands submarginal or epilaminal), apex acute, convex, or acuminate, abaxial surface glaucous, tomentose or coarsely villous to glabrescent, hairs (white, sometimes also ferruginous), erect, spreading, or appressed, wavy or curved, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, pubescent or pilose, (hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous); proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade yellowish green or reddish, glabrous, tomentose, or long-silky abaxially, hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous. |
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Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, oblong, or ovate, 0.4–0.9 mm; filaments distinct, glabrous or hairy on proximal 1/2 or basally; anthers yellow, shortly cylindrical or ovoid, 0.6–1 mm. |
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Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong, square, or obovate, 0.4–0.9 mm, shorter than stipe; stipe 1.2–2.7 mm; ovary pyriform or obclavate, tomentose or short-silky, beak slightly bulged below styles; ovules 12 per ovary; styles 0.2–0.5 mm; stigmas broadly cylindrical, 0.23–0.43–0.63 mm. |
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Capsules | 5–7 mm. |
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Salix | humboldtiana Willdenow: Humboldt willow is not known to occur in the flora area. |
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It | is characterized by: trees, 4–25 m; branches highly brittle at base, bud-scale margins distinct and overlapping adaxially; stipules on late leaves rudimentary or foliaceous; largest medial leaf blade usually linear, abaxial surface not glaucous, adaxial dull; pistillate bract deciduous after flowering; stamens 3–7; capsules with distinct, often raised, white veins.; it occurs throughout much of Mexico to central Chile. |
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Catkins | flowering before leaves emerge; staminate stout, 11–16 mm, flowering branchlet 0–5 mm; pistillate densely to loosely flowered, stout, 11–18 mm, flowering branchlet 0–3 mm; floral bract brown, black, or bicolor, 1–3 mm, apex acute, convex, or rounded, abaxially hairy, hairs straight or wavy. |
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2n | = 76. |
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Salix humboldtiana |
Salix atrocinerea |
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Phenology | Flowering mid Mar-mid May. | |
Habitat | Wooded wetlands, marshes, sandy beaches, mesic prairies, edges of birch-maple or oak woodlands | |
Elevation | 0-700 m (0-2300 ft) | |
Distribution |
Mexico to central Chile |
CT; MA; ME; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NY; PA; RI; WI; ON; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Salix humboldtiana is closely related to S. nigra in its generally narrow leaf blades, which are not glaucous abaxially. The two differ in the following characters: S. humboldtiana has leaf blades linear to sometimes narrowly oblong (10–28.6 times as long as wide), ovaries usually ovoid to ellipsoid, ovary walls often stomatiferous and with raised, white veins, and capsule valves relatively thick, slightly recurved. S. nigra has leaf blades usually narrowly lanceolate (6–13 times as long as wide), ovaries pyriform to obclavate, ovary walls neither stomatiferous nor notably veined, and capsule valves relatively thin and strongly recurved. Both species occur in Chihuahua, Mexico. The report by R. I. Lonard et al. (1991) that specimens identified as Salix nigra from the lower Rio Grande, Texas, resemble S. humboldtiana in having strongly veined capsules suggests that S. humboldtiana, or intergrades with that species, may occur in Texas. Attempts to locate a voucher specimen were unsuccessful; because strongly veined capsules are diagnostic, further field study is indicated. An earlier name, Salix chilensis Molina, has been applied to this species; it does not seem to pertain to this taxon (C. K. Schneider 1918). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hairs on abaxial leaf surfaces of Salix atrocinerea often are spreading to erect, and curly as in S. humilis. Usually, S. atrocinerea can be recognized by its closely spaced parallel tertiary venation. See 76. S. discolor and 81. S. cinerea for further comparative descriptions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 34. | FNA vol. 7, p. 133. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Protitea > sect. Humboldtianae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Cinerella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. cinerea var. atrocinerea, S. cinerea subsp. oleifolia | |
Name authority | Willdenow | Brotero: Fl. Lusit. 1: 31. (1804) |
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