Salix hastata |
Salix myrsinifolia |
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halberd willow |
dark-leaf willow, myrsine-leaf willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.2–4 m. Stems: branches reddish brown, not glaucous, (slightly glossy), pilose; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, villous or pilose. | |
Stems | branches dark red-brown or gray-brown, not glaucous, glabrous or hairy, (peeled wood smooth or striate with relatively few, short striae); branchlets red-brown, moderately to very densely pubescent or velvety. |
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Leaves | stipules foliaceous, apex acute to acuminate; petiole convex to flat, or shallowly grooved adaxially, 2–6(–9) mm, pilose or villous adaxially; largest medial blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or narrowly ovate to ovate, 25–92 × 10–45 mm, 1.5–2.6(–3.4) times as long as wide, base convex, cuneate, or rounded, margins slightly revolute or flat, shallowly serrulate or entire, apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface glaucous, sparsely pubescent, hairs wavy, adaxial dull to slightly glossy, pilose, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, midrib hairy, (hairs white and ferruginous); proximal blade margins entire or finely serrulate; juvenile blade sometimes reddish, sparsely pubescent abaxially, hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous. |
stipules usually foliaceous, sometimes minute rudiments on early ones, foliaceous on late ones, (ca. 4 mm), apex acute; petiole convex to flat, or shallowly grooved adaxially, 3.5–12(–15) mm, villous to puberulent adaxially; largest medial blade (sometimes hemiamphistomatous), broadly obovate, elliptic, broadly elliptic, or subcircular, 24–52(–100) × 12–45 mm, base concave, rounded, subcordate, cordate, or cuneate, margins sometimes slightly revolute, serrulate, or crenulate to subentire, apex abruptly acuminate or acute, abaxial surface glaucous (tip often not glaucous), sparsely to moderately densely puberulent, or silky to glabrescent, hairs appressed or spreading, straight or wavy, adaxial slightly glossy, glabrescent or sparsely to moderately densely puberulent, pubescent, or short-silky (especially midrib); proximal blade margins serrulate, crenulate, or entire; juvenile blade sometimes reddish, long-silky, villous, tomentose (at least on midrib), or glabrous abaxially, hairs usually white, rarely somewhat ferruginous. |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.3–0.7 mm; filaments distinct or basally connate, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.4–0.6 mm. |
adaxial nectary 0.5–0.7 mm; filaments distinct; anthers purple turning yellow, (ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical), 0.5–0.8 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary square or obovate, 0.3–0.6 mm, usually shorter than stipe; stipe 0.4–1.2 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–22 per ovary; styles connate (sometimes distinct 1/2 their lengths), 0.2–0.5 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes, 0.2–0.32–0.44 mm. |
adaxial nectary ovate, square, or flask-shaped, 0.4–0.6(–1) mm; ovary pyriform, pubescent throughout or in patches or streaks, or glabrous (hairs refractive), beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–14 per ovary; styles 0.6–1.5 mm. |
Capsules | 3.2–8 mm. |
6–10 mm. |
Catkins | flowering as leaves emerge; staminate slender, stout, or subglobose, 14.5–34.5 × 8–12 mm, flowering branchlet 1–7 mm; pistillate moderately densely or loosely flowered, slender or stout, 21–59 × 6–16 mm, flowering branchlet 1.5–9 mm; floral bract brown or bicolor, 1.2–1.8 mm, apex acute to rounded, abaxially glabrate to hairy, hairs straight to wavy. |
flowering as leaves emerge; staminate (densely flowered), stout or subglobose, 17–35 mm, flowering branchlet 1–3 mm; pistillate densely flowered, stout, 9–11(–30)(–80 in fruit) mm, flowering branchlet 2–5.5 mm; floral bract pale brown, 1–1.9(–2.8) mm, apex acute, convex, or rounded, abaxially sparsely hairy, hairs straight or wavy. |
2n | = 38. |
= 114. |
Salix hastata |
Salix myrsinifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering early Jun-late Jul. | Flowering mid Mar-mid Jun. |
Habitat | Sandy and gravelly river bars and floodplains, lakeshores, sand dunes and blowouts, Dryas tundra, alpine sedge meadows, balsam poplar thickets, openings in upland spruce-willow forests | Roadsides, waste places |
Elevation | 0-1200 m (0-3900 ft) | ca. 100 m (ca. 300 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; NT; YT; Eurasia (Norway, Russia, Siberia) |
ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Salix hastata is characterized by branches pilose with short, curved hairs; juvenile and mature leaves with white or ferruginous hairs adaxially, glaucous or not abaxially; and ovaries often reddish. See 61. S. barclayi and 64. S. farriae. Subspecies subintegrifolia, characterized by entire or subentire leaf margins, is recognized in Flora Nordica as the major northern Eurasian race of Salix hastata, and is described as occurring across Russia into northwestern North America (B. Jonsell and T. Karlsson 2000+, vol. 1). Because leaf marginal toothing is highly variable throughout the species range (E. Hultén 1967), the subspecies is not recognized here or in Russia (A. K. Skvortsov 1999). Hybrids: Salix hastata forms natural hybrids with S. barclayi. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Salix myrsinifolia may be naturalized in the vicinity of Ottawa, Ontario, but that needs confirmation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 116. | FNA vol. 7, p. 125. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Hastatae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Nigricantes |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. farriae var. walpolei, S. hastata subsp. subintegrifolia, S. walpolei | S. nigricans |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1017. (1753) | Salisbury: Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton, 394. (1796) |
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