Salix hastata |
Salix elaeagnos |
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halberd willow |
elaeagnus willow, hoary willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.2–4 m. Stems: branches reddish brown, not glaucous, (slightly glossy), pilose; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, villous or pilose. | Plants sometimes multistemmed. |
Stems | branches yellow-brown or red-brown, not glaucous, glabrous; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, densely pubescent or tomentose. |
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Leaves | stipules foliaceous, apex acute to acuminate; petiole convex to flat, or shallowly grooved adaxially, 2–6(–9) mm, pilose or villous adaxially; largest medial blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or narrowly ovate to ovate, 25–92 × 10–45 mm, 1.5–2.6(–3.4) times as long as wide, base convex, cuneate, or rounded, margins slightly revolute or flat, shallowly serrulate or entire, apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface glaucous, sparsely pubescent, hairs wavy, adaxial dull to slightly glossy, pilose, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, midrib hairy, (hairs white and ferruginous); proximal blade margins entire or finely serrulate; juvenile blade sometimes reddish, sparsely pubescent abaxially, hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous. |
stipules absent or rudimentary on early ones; petiole shallowly grooved adaxially, 2–5 mm, tomentose or velvety adaxially; largest medial blade linear, narrowly oblong, narrowly oblanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, 5–160 × 3–10(–20) mm, base cuneate, margins strongly or slightly revolute, entire or serrulate, (glands submarginal or epilaminal), apex acuminate or acute, abaxial surface glaucous, densely tomentose or woolly, (midribs yellowish, prominent), hairs appressed, curved, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade yellowish green, densely tomentose abaxially, hairs white or gray. |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.3–0.7 mm; filaments distinct or basally connate, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.4–0.6 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.3–0.9 mm; filaments connate less or more than 1/2 their lengths; anthers yellow, 0.5–0.7 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary square or obovate, 0.3–0.6 mm, usually shorter than stipe; stipe 0.4–1.2 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–22 per ovary; styles connate (sometimes distinct 1/2 their lengths), 0.2–0.5 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes, 0.2–0.32–0.44 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.3–0.7 mm; ovary obclavate, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 2 per ovary; styles 0.7–0.9 mm. |
Capsules | 3.2–8 mm. |
3–5 mm. |
Catkins | flowering as leaves emerge; staminate slender, stout, or subglobose, 14.5–34.5 × 8–12 mm, flowering branchlet 1–7 mm; pistillate moderately densely or loosely flowered, slender or stout, 21–59 × 6–16 mm, flowering branchlet 1.5–9 mm; floral bract brown or bicolor, 1.2–1.8 mm, apex acute to rounded, abaxially glabrate to hairy, hairs straight to wavy. |
flowering just before or as leaves emerge; staminate stout or slender, 26–34 × 6–10 mm, flowering branchlet 1–1.5 mm; pistillate moderately to very densely flowered, slender or stout, 19–40 × 3–10 mm, flowering branchlet 0.3–3.5 mm; floral bract light brown or tawny, 1.5–4 mm, apex rounded, truncate, or acute, entire or toothed, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Salix hastata |
Salix elaeagnos |
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Phenology | Flowering early Jun-late Jul. | Flowering Apr-mid May. |
Habitat | Sandy and gravelly river bars and floodplains, lakeshores, sand dunes and blowouts, Dryas tundra, alpine sedge meadows, balsam poplar thickets, openings in upland spruce-willow forests | Cultivated |
Elevation | 0-1200 m (0-3900 ft) | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; NT; YT; Eurasia (Norway, Russia, Siberia) |
CT; MA; ME; SC; WI; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Salix hastata is characterized by branches pilose with short, curved hairs; juvenile and mature leaves with white or ferruginous hairs adaxially, glaucous or not abaxially; and ovaries often reddish. See 61. S. barclayi and 64. S. farriae. Subspecies subintegrifolia, characterized by entire or subentire leaf margins, is recognized in Flora Nordica as the major northern Eurasian race of Salix hastata, and is described as occurring across Russia into northwestern North America (B. Jonsell and T. Karlsson 2000+, vol. 1). Because leaf marginal toothing is highly variable throughout the species range (E. Hultén 1967), the subspecies is not recognized here or in Russia (A. K. Skvortsov 1999). Hybrids: Salix hastata forms natural hybrids with S. barclayi. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Occurrence of naturalized Salix elaeagnos in the flora area is based on late nineteenth and early twentieth century collections. There is no evidence that it is now either cultivated or naturalized. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 116. | FNA vol. 7, p. 150. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Hastatae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Canae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. farriae var. walpolei, S. hastata subsp. subintegrifolia, S. walpolei | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1017. (1753) | Scopoli: Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 257. (1772) |
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