Salix hastata |
Salix calcicola |
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halberd willow |
limestone willow, woolly willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.2–4 m. Stems: branches reddish brown, not glaucous, (slightly glossy), pilose; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, villous or pilose. | Plants 0.05–1.3 m, (gnarled, sometimes forming clones by layering). | ||||
Stems | branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, orred-brown, not to weakly glaucous (dull or slightly glossy), villous to glabrescent; branchlets yellow-brown or red-brown, moderately densely to sparsely villous, (buds caprea- or arctica-type, scale inner membranaceous layer free, separating from outer layer in var. calcicola). |
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Leaves | stipules foliaceous, apex acute to acuminate; petiole convex to flat, or shallowly grooved adaxially, 2–6(–9) mm, pilose or villous adaxially; largest medial blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or narrowly ovate to ovate, 25–92 × 10–45 mm, 1.5–2.6(–3.4) times as long as wide, base convex, cuneate, or rounded, margins slightly revolute or flat, shallowly serrulate or entire, apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface glaucous, sparsely pubescent, hairs wavy, adaxial dull to slightly glossy, pilose, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, midrib hairy, (hairs white and ferruginous); proximal blade margins entire or finely serrulate; juvenile blade sometimes reddish, sparsely pubescent abaxially, hairs white, sometimes also ferruginous. |
stipules (sometimes marcescent), foliaceous, (1–6–14 mm, 1.1–2–4.4 times as long as wide, usually ovate, oval, or narrowly elliptic, flat when pressed), apex acute, convex, or rounded; petiole shallowly grooved, or convex to flat adaxially, 1.5–3.8–9 mm, villous or pilose adaxially; largest medial blade (sometimes hemiamphistomatous), narrowly to broadly elliptic or subcircular, 16–31.5–61 × 10–21.8–44 mm, 0.7–1.5–2.6 times as long as wide, base rounded or convex, sometimes cordate or cuneate, margins (sometimes purplish), flat, entire or serrulate, apex acuminate, acute, or rounded, abaxial surface glaucous, sparsely villous or pilose to glabrescent, hairs straight, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, sparsely villous or pilose; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade reddish or yellowish green, moderately densely villous abaxially, hairs white. |
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Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.3–0.7 mm; filaments distinct or basally connate, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, 0.4–0.6 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong or narrowly oblong, 0.5–1.2 mm; filaments distinct, glabrous; anthers purple turning yellow, ellipsoid or shortly cylindrical, 0.5–0.7 mm. |
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Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary square or obovate, 0.3–0.6 mm, usually shorter than stipe; stipe 0.4–1.2 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 12–22 per ovary; styles connate (sometimes distinct 1/2 their lengths), 0.2–0.5 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes, 0.2–0.32–0.44 mm. |
adaxial nectary oblong, 0.2–1.1 mm, longer than or equal to stipe (rarely shorter); stipe 0.2–1.2 mm; ovary pyriform or obclavate, beak gradually tapering to styles; ovules 13–20 per ovary; styles 0.9–3 mm; stigmas broadly cylindrical, 0.2–0.56 mm. |
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Capsules | 3.2–8 mm. |
4–8 mm. |
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Catkins | flowering as leaves emerge; staminate slender, stout, or subglobose, 14.5–34.5 × 8–12 mm, flowering branchlet 1–7 mm; pistillate moderately densely or loosely flowered, slender or stout, 21–59 × 6–16 mm, flowering branchlet 1.5–9 mm; floral bract brown or bicolor, 1.2–1.8 mm, apex acute to rounded, abaxially glabrate to hairy, hairs straight to wavy. |
flowering before leaves emerge; staminate (no data on var. glandulosior) stout, 18–45 × 13–21 mm, flowering branchlet 0 mm; pistillate (no data on var. glandulosior except flowering branchlet length) densely flowered, stout, 32–75(–100 in fruit) × 12–25 mm, flowering branchlet 0–5 mm; floral bract brown or black, 1.2–3.2 mm, apex rounded or acute, abaxially hairy, hairs straight. |
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2n | = 38. |
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Salix hastata |
Salix calcicola |
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Phenology | Flowering early Jun-late Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Sandy and gravelly river bars and floodplains, lakeshores, sand dunes and blowouts, Dryas tundra, alpine sedge meadows, balsam poplar thickets, openings in upland spruce-willow forests | |||||
Elevation | 0-1200 m (0-3900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; NT; YT; Eurasia (Norway, Russia, Siberia) |
CO; AB; MB; NU; ON; QC |
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Discussion | Salix hastata is characterized by branches pilose with short, curved hairs; juvenile and mature leaves with white or ferruginous hairs adaxially, glaucous or not abaxially; and ovaries often reddish. See 61. S. barclayi and 64. S. farriae. Subspecies subintegrifolia, characterized by entire or subentire leaf margins, is recognized in Flora Nordica as the major northern Eurasian race of Salix hastata, and is described as occurring across Russia into northwestern North America (B. Jonsell and T. Karlsson 2000+, vol. 1). Because leaf marginal toothing is highly variable throughout the species range (E. Hultén 1967), the subspecies is not recognized here or in Russia (A. K. Skvortsov 1999). Hybrids: Salix hastata forms natural hybrids with S. barclayi. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 116. | FNA vol. 7, p. 143. | ||||
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Hastatae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Lanatae | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | S. farriae var. walpolei, S. hastata subsp. subintegrifolia, S. walpolei | S. richardsonii var. macouniana, S. lanata subsp. calcicola | ||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1017. (1753) | Fernald & Wiegand: Rhodora 13: 251. (1911) | ||||
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