Salix commutata |
Salix athabascensis |
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under-green willow, variable willow |
Athabasca willow |
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Habit | Plants 0.2–3 m. Stems: branches yellow-brown, gray-brown, or red-brown, not or weakly glaucous, pilose; branchlets yellow-green, yellow-brown, or red-brown, pilose to densely villous or woolly. | Plants 0.6–1.3 m, not clonal. |
Stems | erect; branches gray-brown, hairy; branchlets red-brown, sparsely or moderately densely pubescent, (buds alba-type). |
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Leaves | stipules (sometimes marcescent), foliaceous, apex rounded or acute; petiole shallowly grooved or convex to flat adaxially, 1.5–11 mm, pilose or tomentose adaxially; largest medial blade (sometimes amphistomatous), narrowly oblong, oblong, elliptic, or broadly elliptic, 10–100 × 5–44 mm, 1.5–3.4 times as long as wide, base convex, rounded, subcordate, or cordate, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire or serrulate, apex acuminate, acute, or convex, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately densely tomentose, villous, or pilose to glabrescent, hairs wavy or straight, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, pilose or moderately densely villous to glabrescent; proximal blade margins entire or shallowly serrulate; juvenile blade yellowish green, sparsely to densely long-silky-tomentose abaxially, hairs white. |
stipules absent or rudimentary on early ones, usually rudimentary, rarely foliaceous, on late ones; petiole (shallowly grooved adaxially), 3–10 mm, (puberulent or villous); largest medial blade oblong, narrowly elliptic, elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 17–50 × 8–18 mm, 1.9–3.2 times as long as wide, base cuneate or convex, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire, apex acuminate or convex, abaxial surface glabrescent or sparsely silky, hairs appressed or somewhat spreading, (usually white, sometimes also ferruginous), straight or wavy, adaxial dull or slightly glossy, glabrous, glabrescent, pilose, or sparsely long-silky along midribs and margin, (hairs usually white, sometimes also ferruginous, appressed); proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade sparsely to moderately densely villous or long-silky abaxially (hairs usually white, sometimes also ferruginous). |
Staminate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.2–0.8 mm; filaments distinct, glabrous; anthers yellow or purple turning yellow, 0.4–1 mm. |
abaxial nectary (0–)0.3–0.6 mm, adaxial nectary oblong or ovate, 0.4–1.2 mm, nectaries distinct; filaments distinct, hairy basally or on proximal 1/2; anthers globose, 0.4–0.6 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong, square, or ovate, 0.3–0.7 mm, shorter than stipe; stipe 0.3–2 mm; ovary pyriform or obclavate, glabrous, beak gradually to abruptly tapering to styles; ovules 10–28 per ovary; styles 0.5–1.5 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes, 0.16–0.34–0.4 mm. |
abaxial nectary absent, adaxial nectary oblong, 0.4–1.3 mm, shorter than stipe; stipe 0.8–1.3 mm; ovary pyriform, very densely long-silky, beak gradually tapering to or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 6–14 per ovary; styles 0.5–1 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or broadly to slenderly cylindrical, 0.28–0.35–0.48 mm. |
Capsules | 3.5–8 mm. |
5.6–7.2 mm. |
Catkins | flowering as leaves emerge; staminate stout or subglobose, 15–37 × 8–20 mm, flowering branchlet 2–33 mm; pistillate densely or moderately densely flowered, slender, stout, or subglobose, 17–60 × 7–15 mm, flowering branchlet 3–15(–30) mm; floral bract tawny, brown, or bicolor, 1–3 mm, apex acute or rounded, abaxially hairy, hairs straight or wavy. |
staminate 14–31 × 8–18 mm, flowering branchlet 1.5–9 mm; pistillate loosely flowered, stout to globose, 10–58 × 7–25 mm, flowering branchlet 3.5–26 mm; floral bract tawny, 1–1.6 mm, apex rounded, entire, abaxially sparsely hairy, almost glabrous, hairs wavy. |
2n | = 38. |
= 76, 95, 114. |
Salix commutata |
Salix athabascensis |
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Phenology | Flowering late May-mid Aug. | Flowering late May-late Jul. |
Habitat | Rocky alpine and subalpine slopes, glacial moraine, open spruce woods, streamsides, gravel benches along streams, wet fens | Fens, bogs, and treed bogs |
Elevation | 0-2400 m (0-7900 ft) | 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC; NT; SK; YT
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AK; AB; BC; MB; NT; SK; YT |
Discussion | The rare occurrence in Salix commutata of plants with ovary indumentum composed of divergent, straight or wavy, flattened hairs may be hybrids with 53. S. eastwoodiae (see for discussion and comparison). Hybrids: Salix commutata forms natural hybrids with S. barclayi, S. barrattiana, and S. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The three polyploid chromosome numbers reported for Salix athabascensis, as well as the presence of leaves with ferruginous hairs, otherwise unknown in sect. Myrtilloides, are indicators of allopolyploidy. Hybrids: Salix athabascensis forms natural hybrids with S. pedicellaris. These hybrids combine the characteristics of the parents. The ovaries may be moderately densely villous or glabrous, but commonly have hairs in patches, or the stipes may be hairy and the ovaries glabrous; juvenile blades, and sometimes mature leaves, are hairy with white and ferruginous hairs. Some plants that resemble S. athabascensis have leaves glaucous adaxially, as in S. pedicellaris. The ovaries often appear to be infertile. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 105. | FNA vol. 7, p. 84. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Vetrix > sect. Hastatae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Myrtilloides |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. commutata var. denudata, S. commutata subsp. mixta, S. commutata var. puberula, S. commutata var. sericea | S. fallax, S. pedicellaris var. athabascensis |
Name authority | Bebb: Bot. Gaz. 13: 110. (1888) | Raup: Rhodora 32: 111, plate 202. (1930) |
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