Salix cascadensis |
Salix chlorolepis |
|
---|---|---|
Cascade willow, Cascades willow |
green-bract willow, greenscale willow |
|
Habit | Plants 0.03–0.1 m, forming clones by rhizomes. | Plants 0.15–0.2 m, not clonal. |
Stems | erect or trailing; branches yellow-brown or gray-brown, (sometimes weakly glaucous), glabrous; branchlets yellow-green or yellow-brown, glabrous or puberulent. |
erect; branches red-brown, (weakly glaucous), glabrous; branchlets yellow-brown, glabrous. |
Leaves | (marcescent); stipules absent; petiole 1.5–5 mm; largest medial blade usually amphistomatous, narrowly elliptic or elliptic, 9–26 × 3.8–7.5 mm, 2.4–4.3 times as long as wide, base cuneate, margins flat, entire, ciliate, apex acute, acuminate, or convex, abaxial surface glabrous or pilose, hairs wavy, adaxial slightly glossy, glabrous or pilose; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade glabrous or sparsely villous abaxially. |
stipules absent or rudimentary; petiole (deeply to shallowly grooved adaxially), 1–3.5 mm; largest medial blade elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 14–33 × 7–12 mm, 1.9–3.4 times as long as wide, base cuneate or convex, margins flat or slightly revolute, entire, ciliate, apex acute, convex, or rounded, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial slightly glossy, glabrous; proximal blade margins entire; juvenile blade (sometimes reddish), glabrous, ciliate. |
Staminate flowers | abaxial nectary (0–)0.2–0.6 mm, adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.4–1.2 mm, nectaries distinct; filaments distinct or basally connate; anthers ellipsoid, 0.3–0.6 mm. |
abaxial nectary 0.3–0.4 mm, adaxial nectary oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm, nectaries distinct; filaments distinct, glabrous; anthers ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm. |
Pistillate flowers | adaxial nectary oblong or square, 0.5–1.2 mm, longer than stipe; stipe 0–0.6 m; ovary pyriform, usually densely villous, beak abruptly tapering to or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 6–10 per ovary; styles 0.3–1 mm; stigmas slenderly cylindrical, 0.28–0.39–0.56 mm. |
adaxial nectary narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.6 mm, longer than stipe, nectaries distinct or connate and shallowly cup-shaped; stipe 0–0.4 mm; ovary pyriform, glabrous, beak abruptly tapering to or slightly bulged below styles; ovules 8–10 per ovary; styles connate to distinct 1/2 their lengths, 0.5–1.3 mm; stigmas flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or slenderly cylindrical, 0.3–0.6 mm. |
Capsules | 3.5–5 mm. |
3.6–6 mm. |
Catkins | staminate (20–50 flowers), 12.5–26.5 × 5.5–9 mm, flowering branchlet 1–11 mm; pistillate moderately densely to loosely flowered, (15–35(–43) flowers), stout or subglobose, 10–23(–30 in fruit) × 5–8 mm, flowering branchlet 2–9 mm; floral bract brown, 1.6–2.6 mm, apex rounded, entire, abaxially sparsely hairy or ciliate, hairs wavy or straight. |
staminate 6.5 × 5–8 mm, flowering branchlet 1–3 mm; pistillate densely flowered, stout or subglobose, 7–12 × 3–6 mm, flowering branchlet 1.8–12 mm; floral bract tawny, brown, or greenish, 1–2.6 mm, apex broadly rounded to retuse, entire, abaxially glabrous. |
2n | = 38. |
|
Salix cascadensis |
Salix chlorolepis |
|
Phenology | Flowering early Jul-early Aug. | Flowering Jul-early Aug. |
Habitat | Mesic to dry rocky slopes, ridges, high subalpine and alpine tundra | Wet Sphagnum bog on alpine, serpentine barrens |
Elevation | 2200-3900 m (7200-12800 ft) | 1000-1200 m (3300-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; UT; WA; WY; BC
|
QC |
Discussion | The morphological variability of Salix cascadensis is not well understood. Typically, it has leaves that are narrow, sharply pointed, and glaucous abaxially, catkins 15–43-flowered, dark brown floral bracts, and ovaries very densely hairy. Specimens with leaves not glaucous abaxially, catkins relatively few-flowered, and ovaries either sparsely hairy throughout, hairy only on beaks, or hairy in streaks, may be hybrids but the glabrous ovaried S. cascadensis var. thompsonii shows no obvious signs of hybridization. Hybrids: Salix cascadensis is suspected to hybridize with S. barclayi. Salix cascadensis × S. rotundifolia var. dodgeana resembles the former in its narrow, acute to acuminate leaves and the latter in leaves not glaucous abaxially, tawny floral bracts, relatively short catkins, and glabrous ovaries. The catkins are intermediate in being 6–7-flowered. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Salix chlorolepis, known from Mt. Albert, is characterized by its general glabrousness. It seems to have a relationship with S. brachycarpa similar to that of S. raupii to S. glauca. Both may have originated through mutation or hybridization. Hybrids: Salix chlorolepis forms natural hybrids with S. brachycarpa var. brachycarpa. Salix chlorolepis × S. pedicellaris is a putative hybrid that has relatively small, glabrous leaves. Both parents occur together on Mt. Albert, Quebec. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 82. | FNA vol. 7, p. 85. |
Parent taxa | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Diplodictyae | Salicaceae > Salix > subg. Chamaetia > sect. Myrtilloides |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. tenera, S. cascadensis var. thompsonii | |
Name authority | Cockerell: Muhlenbergia 3: 9. (1907) | Fernald: Rhodora 7: 186. (1905) |
Web links |