Sagittaria latifolia |
Sagittaria australis |
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bird's-eye pearlwort, broad-leaf arrowhead, common arrowhead, duck-potato, Indian potato, sagittaire latifoliee, wapato |
Appalachian arrowhead, longbeak arrowhead |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, to 45 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. | Herbs, perennial, to 130 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. |
Leaves | emersed; petiole triangular, erect to ascending, 6.5–51 cm; blade sagittate, rarely hastate, 1.5–30.5 × 2–17 cm, basal lobes equal to or less than remainder of blade. |
emersed; petiole 5-winged, 19–85 cm; blade sagittate, 3–19 × 2.5–11 cm, basal lobes ± equal to remainder of blade. |
Inflorescences | racemes, rarely panicles, of 3–9 whorls, emersed, 4.5–28.5 × 4–23 cm; peduncles 10–59 cm; bracts connate more than or equal to ¼ total length, elliptic to lanceolate, 3–8 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading, cylindric, 0.5–3.5 cm. |
racemes, of 5–12 whorls, emersed, 10–29 × 3–5 cm; peduncles 25–105 cm; bracts distinct or if connate, then less than ¼ total length, lanceolate, 7–30 mm, papery, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading to ascending, cylindric, 0.3–2.3 cm. |
Flowers | to 4 cm diam.; sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. |
to 3 cm diam.; sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. |
Fruiting | heads 1–1.7 cm diam; achenes oblanceoloid, without abaxial keel, 2.5–3.5 × to 2 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate, wings absent, glands (0–)1(–2); beak lateral, horizontal, 1–2 mm. |
heads 1–2.2 cm diam.; achenes obovoid, without abaxial keel, 2.1–3.2 × 1.4–2.3 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate, wings 0–2, ± entire, glands absent; beak lateral, strongly recurved, 4–17 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Sagittaria latifolia |
Sagittaria australis |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Oct). |
Habitat | Wet ditches, pools, and margins of streams and lakes | Slightly basic to slightly acidic ponds, lakes, and swamps |
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 1–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; c Mexico; s Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela)
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AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Sagittaria latifolia has been divided into numerous species and varieties. It was divided into two varieties, based upon the presence of pubescence over the entire vegetative plant (C. Bogin 1955; K. Rataj 1972). We have examined numerous specimens and found that many from the southeastern United States are pubescent; we believe that this character alone is insufficient for recognition of the varieties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The name Sagittaria longirostra (Micheli) J. G. Smith has been misapplied to S. australis (J. G. Smith) Small (E. O. Beal et al. 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Alismataceae > Sagittaria | Alismataceae > Sagittaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. latifolia var. obtusa, S. latifolia var. pubescens, S. ornithorhyncha, S. planipes, S. pubescens, S. viscosa | S. longirostra var. australis, S. engelmanniana subsp. longirostra |
Name authority | Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 4(1): 409. (1805) | (J. G. Smith) Small: Flora of the Southeastern United States 45. (1903) |
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