Sacoila lanceolata |
Sacoila lanceolata var. lanceolata |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
leafless beak ladiestresses, scarlet ladies' tresses |
leafless beak orchid |
|||||
Habit | Plants 23–60 cm. | |||||
Stems | sheaths 5–9, cauline, bladeless. |
|||||
Leaves | 2–7; petiole not distinct; blade elliptic, 5–25(–35) × 2–8 cm. |
usually absent at flowering time. |
||||
Inflorescences | 3–18 cm; rachis pubescent with bubble-shaped, glandular-capitate, and transitional hairs; floral bracts lanceolate. |
4–18 cm; floral bracts green to reddish brown, lanceolate, 15–20(–25) mm. |
||||
Flowers | usually orange-red, occasionally pale green or golden bronze; dorsal sepal free, lanceolate, ascending at apex; lateral sepals basally connate, lanceolate, decurrent along lateral ribs of ovary; petals lanceolate, falcate, slightly decurrent basally; lip lanceolate, base sessile, grooved, apex acute to acuminate, with linear, nearly marginal, pubescent calli near base; anther cap 6–7 mm. |
9–50, coral to orange-red; dorsal sepal 19–23 × 7–9 mm; lateral sepals 23–31 × 3–8 mm, connate for 5–7 mm over basal portion of mentum, free portion of mentum 4–6 mm; petals 21–26 × 6–8 mm; lip pale red or pinkish white to white, 23–31 × 8–11 mm; column 9–10 mm from attachment of dorsal sepal to tip, foot extending back 11–12 mm; pollinaria 8–9 mm; viscidia 4–5 mm; pedicellate ovary 10–20 mm; rostellum 4–5 mm. |
||||
Capsules | ascending, ovoid, expanded portion 9–16 × 6–10 mm. |
14 × 8 mm. |
||||
Seeds | 0.5–1.4 mm. |
largely polyembryonic. |
||||
2n | = 46. |
|||||
Sacoila lanceolata |
Sacoila lanceolata var. lanceolata |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering mid Mar–early Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Open, dry to moist habitats including poorly drained pinelands, roadside ditches, pastures, open woods in sandy, ± acid substrates | |||||
Elevation | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
FL; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
|
FL; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America |
||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). In Florida the two varieties differ in their breeding systems, Sacoila lanceolata var. lanceolata producing seed by adventitious embryony and var. paludicola by auto-pollination (P. M. Catling 1987). Plants of this species from Florida, referred to Spiranthes lanceolata var. luteoalba (Reichenbach) Luer (C. A. Luer 1972), represent only a very restricted clone with more ascending flowers whose characters intergrade with those of plants from other parts of the range. Because all green-flowered plants addressed by Luer do not consistently possess the distinctive features he noted and do not conform to the description of var. luteoalba (Reichenbach f.) Luer, they are best recognized at the rank of forma as forma albidaviridis Catling & Sheviak (P. M. Catling and C. J. Sheviak 1993). Sacoila lanceolata is widespread in tropical and subtropical America. Synonyms for Sacoila lanceolata in the restricted sense are given by L. A. Garay (1980[1982]) and in the very broad sense by C. A. Luer (1972). Two color forms associated with var. lanceolata have been named: forma albidaviridis Catling & Sheviak, with green and white flowers, and forma folsomii P. M. Brown with golden bronze flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 528. | FNA vol. 26, p. 529. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Sacoila | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Spiranthinae > Sacoila > Sacoila lanceolata | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Limodorum lanceolatum, Satyrium lanceolata, Spiranthes lanceolata | Neottia aphylla, Satyrium orchioides, Spiranthes jaliscana, Spiranthes orchioides | ||||
Name authority | (Aublet) Garay: Bot. Mus. Leafl. 28: 352. (1982) | unknown | ||||
Web links |