Saccharum officinarum |
Saccharum coarctatum |
|
---|---|---|
sugarcane |
compressed plumegrass |
|
Habit | Plants with short rhizomes. | Plants cespitose, not or shortly rhizomatous. |
Culms | 3-6 m tall, 2-5 cm thick, clumped, glabrous throughout or nearly so, lower internodes swollen. |
1-2.5 m; nodes with 1-3 mm hairs. |
Sheaths | sometimes ciliate at the collar margins; auricles present; ligules 2-3 mm; blades 70-150 cm long, 20-60 mm wide, usually glabrous, occasionally with hairs on the adaxial surfaces. |
glabrous; auricles 0.3-3 mm; ligules 1-2 mm; blades 15-40 cm long, 7-12 mm wide. |
Peduncles | 20-80 cm, glabrous; panicles 50-100 cm long, to 20 cm wide, lanceolate; rachises 30-80 cm, glabrous; primary branches 10-25 cm, appressed to spreading; rame internodes 3-6 mm, glabrous. |
35-45 cm, glabrous; panicles 3-7 cm wide, linear to oblong; rachises 13-35 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; primary branches 5-12 cm, appressed; rame internodes 3-6 mm, with hairs. |
Pedicels | 2-5 mm, glabrous. |
3-5 mm, sparsely and shortly pilose. |
Sessile | spikelets 3-5 mm long, 0.8-0.9 mm wide, white to gray. |
spikelets 6-8 mm long, 0.9-1.2 mm wide, brown. |
Callus | hairs 6-10 mm, exceeding the spikelets, white; lower glumes glabrous, 2-4-veined; upper glumes 3-veined; lower lemmas 3-4.5 mm, 2-3-veined; upper lemmas without veins, entire; awns absent; lodicule veins not extending into hairlike projections; anthers 3. |
hairs 3-5 mm, from shorter than to equaling the spikelets, white or straw-colored; lower glumes smooth or scabrous, 5-veined; lower lemmas 5.8-7.5 mm, usually 3-veined; upper lemmas 4-5.5 mm, 0.7-0.8 times as long as the lower lemmas, 3-veined, entire; awns 16-26 mm, terete and straight to curving basally; lodicule veins extending into hairlike projections to 0.6 mm long; anthers 2. |
Pedicellate | spikelets similar to the sessile spikelets. |
spikelets similar to the sessile spikelets. |
2n | = 80. |
= 60. |
Saccharum officinarum |
Saccharum coarctatum |
|
Distribution |
AL; FL; LA; MS; TX; PR; Virgin Islands |
AL; DE; FL; GA; MD; NC; SC; TX; VA |
Discussion | Saccharum officinarum is native to tropical Asia and the Pacific islands. It is cultivated for sugar production in various parts of the world, including Texas, Louisiana, and Florida. It is also becoming popular as an ornamental plant for gardens in warmer parts of the contiguous United States, and appears to be established in some parts of the southeastern United States. A number of different, clonally propagated color forms are available. It hybridizes with S. spontaneum (see discussion above). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Saccharum coarctatum is common in wet, peaty or sandy soils of swales, pond margins, and meadows of the coastal plain of the southeastern United States. It is unusual in having lodicule veins that extend into hairlike projections up to 0.6 mm long. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 614. | FNA vol. 25, p. 612. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Saccharum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Saccharum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Erianthus coarctatus | |
Name authority | L. | (Fernald) R.D. Webster |
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