Saccharum giganteum |
Saccharum ravennae |
|
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sugarcane plumegrass |
elephant grass, hardy pampas grass, ravenna-grass |
|
Habit | Plants rhizomatous. | Plants cespitose. |
Culms | 1-2.5 m; nodes sericeous, hairs to 5 mm. |
2-4 m, glabrous; nodes glabrous. |
Sheaths | glabrate or glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 2-6 mm; blades usually 35-70 cm long, 8-30 mm wide, adaxial surfaces glabrous or pilose. |
glabrous; auricles absent; ligules 0.6-1.1 mm; blades 50-100 cm long, 5-14 mm wide, glabrous. |
Peduncles | 40-80 cm, pilose; panicles 6-15 cm wide, oblong or lanceolate; rachises 15-30 cm, pilose; lowest nodes densely pilose; primary branches 2-13 cm, ascending or appressed to the rachises; rame internodes 2-5.5 mm, pilose. |
40-80 cm, glabrous; panicles lanceolate; rachises 30-70 cm, glabrous; primary branches 6-20 cm, appressed or spreading; rame internodes 1-2 mm, with hairs. |
Pedicels | 2.5-5 mm, pilose. |
1-3 mm, pubescent. |
Sessile | spikelets 4.2-6 mm long, 0.8-1.1 mm wide, straw-colored. |
spikelets 4-6 mm long, 0.7-0.9 mm wide, straw-colored. |
Callus | hairs (7)15-20(25) mm, longer than the spikelets, straw-colored or brown; glumes usually glabrous; lower glumes smooth, indistinctly 5-veined; lower lemmas 3-5 mm, without veins; upper lemmas 2.5-3.5 mm, 1-veined, entire; awns 12-26 mm, straight or curved, terete basally; lodicule veins sometimes extending into hairlike projections; anthers 2. |
hairs 4-6 mm, subequal to the spikelets, white; lower glumes smooth, 4-5-veined; upper glumes 3-veined; lower lemmas 3-5 mm, 1-veined; upper lemmas subequal to the lower lemmas, without veins, entire; awns 2-5 mm, flat, straight or curved at the base; lodicule veins not extending into hairlike projections; anthers 3. |
Pedicellate | spikelets similar to the sessile spikelets, except frequently pilose. |
spikelets similar to the sessile spikelets. |
2n | = 30, 60, 90. |
= 20. |
Saccharum giganteum |
Saccharum ravennae |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
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AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; KS; MD; MI; MO; NM; NY; OH; OK; TN; UT
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Discussion | Saccharum giganteum grows in wet soils of bogs, swales, and swamps. Its range extends from the eastern and southeastern United States to Central America. It is a polymorphic, primarily chasmogamous species that intergrades morphologically with the primarily cleistogamous S. trinii (Hack.) Renvoize in Central America. The combination of long callus hairs and straight awns distinguishes it from all other species of Saccharum in the Flora region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Saccharum ravennae is native to southern Europe and western Asia. It is grown as an ornamental in the Flora region, occasionally escaping and persisting. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 611. | FNA vol. 25, p. 614. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Saccharum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Andropogoneae > Saccharum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Erianthus giganteus | Erianthus ravennae |
Name authority | (Walter) Pers. | (L.) L. |
Web links |
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