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California tea, rupert's scurf-pea, rupertia, scurfpea

Hall's California tea, Hall's rupertia

Habit Herbs, perennial, unarmed; from diffuse, woody, branched root system, sometimes stoloniferous. Herbs, root system poorly known.
Stems

erect, ± glandular, glabrate; unbranched or sparsely branched;

proximal nodes often with cataphylls.

to 100 cm, unbranched, glandular, minutely pubescent basally, mostly glabrate distally;

cataphylls only at distal nodes, to 7 mm.

Leaves

alternate, odd-pinnate;

stipules present, deciduous or persistent, reflexed, distinct;

petiolate;

leaflets 3, very rarely 4, petiolulate, blade margins entire, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

stipules persistent or tardily deciduous, green, widely elliptic to obtriangular, 13–15 × 3–5 mm, glandular, sparsely puberulent;

petiole 1–3 cm, canaliculate, base swollen and different color and texture, glandular, glabrate;

rachis 2–2.8 cm;

petiolules brown (darker than rachis), 1.5–3 mm, very sparsely pubescent (more so on adaxial surface);

leaflet blades darker adaxially, lanceolate to widely ovate, 4–9 × 1.4–4.2 cm, base broadly attenuate, apex acute, surfaces glandular and glabrous.

Inflorescences

2 or 3 flowers per node (3–20 nodes), axillary, pseudoracemes;

bracts present, deciduous.

with 5–20 nodes, 3 flowers per node, short-ellipsoid;

rachis 1.5–6 cm, longer or shorter than peduncle, not elongated in fruit, internodes to 4 mm;

bracts late deciduous, caudate-flabelliform, 9–13 × 5–8 mm, glandular, puberulent.

Peduncles

1–8 cm, sometimes darker, less glandular than petiole.

Pedicels

present.

2 mm.

Flowers

papilionaceous;

calyx tubular-campanulate (in bud), gibbous to campanulate (in fruit, concealing fruit), lobes 5, lobes equal to or less than tube;

corolla cream or yellow, sometimes with purple blotch on wing blades and keel petals;

banner bi-auriculate, wings auriculate, keel always shorter, apical margins connate;

stamens 10, monadelphous early with vexillary stamen becoming distinct;

anthers in 2 series, proximal ones dorsifixed, distal basifixed, introrse;

receptacle tumid, style reflexed.

14–15 mm;

calyx persistent, slightly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, becoming stramineous, veins prominent, glandular, darker brown in fruit, villosulous to glabrate, tube stramineous, 5–6 mm, lobes green;

corolla cream or yellow;

filaments 9–10 mm;

anthers elliptic;

pistil 8.5–10 mm;

ovary sparsely pubescent apically.

Fruits

legumes, sessile, elliptic or compressed-obovate, indehiscent, sometimes secondarily dehiscent by transverse rupture, apiculate or with beak ventrally displaced at maturity, eglandular or sparsely glandular, pubescent.

Legumes

elliptic, 7–10 mm, beak broadly attached, 1–3 mm, glandular, glands golden, minute, fading in age, sparsely pubescent.

Seeds

1, round to reniform, smooth.

red-brown, 6–7 × 4 mm.

Rupertia

Rupertia hallii

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Clearings in woodlands.
Elevation 900–2300 m. (3000–7500 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 3 (3 in the flora).

Segregated by Grimes from Hoita in the sense of P. A. Rydberg (1919–1920) for the absence of a secondary internal wall in the fruit, Rupertia is distinguished from other genera of Psoraleeae by a combination of characters, including an accrescent calyx, cream to light yellow petals, deciduous bracts, and a tumid receptacle. Delimitation of Rupertia from Hoita is further validated by a molecular phylogenetic study of Psoraleeae (A. N. Egan and K. A. Crandall 2008).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rupertia hallii is known only from Butte and Tehama counties. Legumes are rarely produced and poorly known.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stipules 13–15 mm, widely elliptic to obtriangular; floral bracts 9–13 mm.
R. hallii
1. Stipules 4–10 mm, linear-oblanceolate, linear-spatulate, triangular, or narrowly elliptic; floral bracts 3–7 mm.
→ 2
2. Calyx in flower 6–8 mm; corolla banner 10–13.5 mm; legumes 4–7 mm, apiculate.
R. physodes
2. Calyx in flower 9–10 mm; corolla banner 14–15 mm; legumes 9–13 mm, beaked (beak broadly attached).
R. rigida
Source FNA vol. 11. Author: Martin F. Wojciechowski. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rupertia
Sibling taxa
R. physodes, R. rigida
Subordinate taxa
R. hallii, R. physodes, R. rigida
Synonyms Hoita hallii, Psoralea hallii
Name authority J. W. Grimes: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 61: 52, fig. 6. (1990) (Rydberg) J. W. Grimes: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 61: 56. (1990)
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