Flora of North America species comparison

erect, branched distal to middle or occasionally in distal 2/3, often with few flowering stems from rootstock, 60–120(–150) cm.

ascending, ascending-decumbent, or erect, simple or producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 25–70 cm.

ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity;

blade oblong to ovate-oblong, sometimes broadly ovate, 20–40 × 10–15 cm, usually less than 4 times as long as wide, base normally distinctly cordate, occasionally rounded, rarely truncate, margins normally entire, flat or undulate, rarely slightly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute.

blades linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 6–15(–17) × 2–4 cm, usually ca. 3.5–6 times as long as wide, widest near middle or nearly so, thin or rarely subcoriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, undulate or slightly crisped, apex acute.

terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly or broadly paniculate, branches usually forming angle of 30–45° with 1st-order stem.

terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, dense or occasionally interrupted near base, usually broadly paniculate (branches simple or with few 2d-order branches).

articulated in proximal 1/3 or rarely near middle, filiform, 2.5–8.5(–10) mm, articulation distinctly swollen.

articulated in proximal 1/3, filiform, 3–7 mm, equaling or 1.5–2 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen.

10–25 in lax whorls;

inner tepals ovate-triangular, deltoid or, occasionally, lingulate, 3–6 × 2–3.5 mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5–2 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins usually distinctly dentate, rarely subentire, apex obtuse to subacute, straight, teeth 2–5, normally at each side of margin, short-subulate or triangular-subulate, straight, 0.5–1.8 mm, or shorter than width of inner tepals;

tubercle usually 1, sometimes 3, then 1 distinctly larger, smooth.

10–20(–25) in whorls;

inner tepals, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, occasionally almost triangular, (2.5–)3–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, base truncate or rounded, margins entire or indistinctly erose, apex obtuse or subacute;

tubercles 3 (occasionally 1 in var. monotylos Rechinger f., then very large, subequal or only slightly narrower than inner tepal), distinctly unequal (1 larger tubercle subequal or slightly narrower than inner tepal), usually smooth.

brown to reddish brown, 2–2.7 × 1.2–1.7 mm.

dark reddish brown, 1.8–2.4 × 1–1.5 mm.

= 40.

= 20.