Rumex obtusifolius
Rumex salicifolius
bitter dock, broad-leaf dock, broad-leaf or broadleaf or bitter dock, patience a feuilles obtuses
willow dock, willow-leaf dock
erect, branched distal to middle or occasionally in distal 2/3, often with few flowering stems from rootstock, 60–120(–150) cm.
erect or ascending, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 30–60(–90) cm.
ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity;
blade oblong to ovate-oblong, sometimes broadly ovate, 20–40 × 10–15 cm, usually less than 4 times as long as wide, base normally distinctly cordate, occasionally rounded, rarely truncate, margins normally entire, flat or undulate, rarely slightly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute.
blades linear-lanceolate, occasionally almost linear, 5–13 × (0.5–)1–2.5 cm, usually ca. 7 or more times as long as wide, widest near middle, thin, occasionally subcoriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, flat or rarely slightly crenulate, apex acute or attenuate.
terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly or broadly paniculate, branches usually forming angle of 30–45° with 1st-order stem.
terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, rather lax, interrupted in proximal 1/2, or almost to top, usually narrowly paniculate (branches normally simple and short).
articulated in proximal 1/3 or rarely near middle, filiform, 2.5–8.5(–10) mm, articulation distinctly swollen.
articulated in proximal 1/3 or almost near base, filiform (slightly thickened towards base of tepals), 3–5 mm, not more than 2–2.5 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen.
10–25 in lax whorls;
inner tepals ovate-triangular, deltoid or, occasionally, lingulate, 3–6 × 2–3.5 mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5–2 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins usually distinctly dentate, rarely subentire, apex obtuse to subacute, straight, teeth 2–5, normally at each side of margin, short-subulate or triangular-subulate, straight, 0.5–1.8 mm, or shorter than width of inner tepals;
tubercle usually 1, sometimes 3, then 1 distinctly larger, smooth.
7–20 in whorls;
inner tepals broadly triangular, (1.8–)2–2.5(–3) × 1.5–2.1 mm, base broadly cuneate or truncate, margins entire or indistinctly erose, apex acute;
tubercle 1, large, subequal or slightly narrower than inner tepals (then free margins of inner tepal distinctly narrower than tubercle), smooth or indistinctly verrucose.
brown to reddish brown, 2–2.7 × 1.2–1.7 mm.
dark reddish brown, 1.8–2 × 1.1–1.3 mm.
= 40.
= 20.
Rumex obtusifolius
Rumex salicifolius
Rumex obtusifolius, a member of subsect. Obtusifolii Rechinger f. (K. H. Rechinger 1937), is a polymorphic species represented in Eurasia by three or four rather distinct races often treated by European authors as subspecies or varieties. These taxa differ mostly in inner tepal dentation and geographic distribution. In North America the morphotypes often intergrade. In Eurasia this species is differentiated into predominantly western subsp. obtusifolius [including R. obtusifolius subsp. agrestis (Fries) Danser], eastern subsp. sylvestris (Wallroth) Rechinger f., intermediate central European subsp. transiens (Simonkai) Rechinger f., and montane subsp. subalpinus (Schur) Simonkai. Only subspp. obtusifolius and sylvestris occur in North America; the former seems to be more common. Subspecies obtusifolius differs from subsp. sylvestris in having larger and more prominently dentate inner tepals with one tubercle, or with three distinctly unequal tubercles; in subsp. sylvestris the teeth are usually less than 0.6 mm, developing only near the base of the inner tepals, and the tubercles often almost subequal.
Rumex obtusifolius may be expected elsewhere in the Great Plains region of the United States and Canada.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Rumex salicifolius occurs mostly in southern and central California; it has been reported also from adjacent parts of Arizona (N. M. Sarkar 1958) and Nevada (J. T. Kartesz 1987, vol. 1). The name R. salicifolius has been applied in a broad sense to nearly all species of subsect. Salicifolii, including even mostly Asian R. sibiricus. Rumex salicifolius appears to be most closely related to R. californicus and R. utahensis.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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