Flora of North America species comparison

erect, branched distal to middle or occasionally in distal 2/3, often with few flowering stems from rootstock, 60–120(–150) cm.

branched from base or near base, occasionally simple, slender, 5–50 cm.

ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity;

blade oblong to ovate-oblong, sometimes broadly ovate, 20–40 × 10–15 cm, usually less than 4 times as long as wide, base normally distinctly cordate, occasionally rounded, rarely truncate, margins normally entire, flat or undulate, rarely slightly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute.

ocrea deciduous or partially persistent;

blade spatulate, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, 1–5(–8) × (0.5–)1–2.5 cm, base cuneate, rarely rounded, margins normally entire, flat, apex obtuse.

terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly or broadly paniculate, branches usually forming angle of 30–45° with 1st-order stem.

terminal, simple, racemose, occupying most of stem, interrupted, linear.

articulated in proximal 1/3 or rarely near middle, filiform, 2.5–8.5(–10) mm, articulation distinctly swollen.

usually distinctly heteromorphic (much thickened distally), 4–7(–10) mm;

others less than 4 mm.

10–25 in lax whorls;

inner tepals ovate-triangular, deltoid or, occasionally, lingulate, 3–6 × 2–3.5 mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5–2 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins usually distinctly dentate, rarely subentire, apex obtuse to subacute, straight, teeth 2–5, normally at each side of margin, short-subulate or triangular-subulate, straight, 0.5–1.8 mm, or shorter than width of inner tepals;

tubercle usually 1, sometimes 3, then 1 distinctly larger, smooth.

2–3(–4) in lax clusters (reduced whorls);

inner tepals variable, often heteromorphic, triangular, narrowly triangular, ligulate, or ovate-oblong, (1.5–)2–4(–5) × (0.5–)1–3 mm (excluding teeth), base truncate, margins usually dentate, sometimes entire, apex obtuse or acute, usually not hooked, teeth 2–4(–8), at each side of margins, slender, straight or hooked, 0.3–1 mm;

tubercles absent, or 3, usually represented by minute swellings barely recognizable as tubercles.

brown to reddish brown, 2–2.7 × 1.2–1.7 mm.

brown to dark brown, 1.3–2.3 × 0.7–1.4 mm.

= 40.

= 16.