Flora of North America species comparison

erect, branched distal to middle or occasionally in distal 2/3, often with few flowering stems from rootstock, 60–120(–150) cm.

ascending or erect, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 40–60(–80) cm.

ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity;

blade oblong to ovate-oblong, sometimes broadly ovate, 20–40 × 10–15 cm, usually less than 4 times as long as wide, base normally distinctly cordate, occasionally rounded, rarely truncate, margins normally entire, flat or undulate, rarely slightly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute.

blades deep olive green, with strongly prominent veins abaxially, linear-lanceolate, occasionally lanceolate, 5–12 × 1.5–4 cm, usually ca. 3.5–5 times as long as wide, widest near or below middle, thick, coriaceous, base cuneate or rounded-cuneate, margins entire to crenulate, undulate or crisped, flat, apex subobtuse or broadly acute.

terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly or broadly paniculate, branches usually forming angle of 30–45° with 1st-order stem.

terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/3 of stem, lax, interrupted almost to top, usually broadly paniculate (branches simple or nearly so).

articulated in proximal 1/3 or rarely near middle, filiform, 2.5–8.5(–10) mm, articulation distinctly swollen.

articulated in proximal 1/3 or almost near middle, filiform or slightly thickened, especially distally 3–6(–7) mm, not more than 2–2.5 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen.

10–25 in lax whorls;

inner tepals ovate-triangular, deltoid or, occasionally, lingulate, 3–6 × 2–3.5 mm (excluding teeth), ca. 1.5–2 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins usually distinctly dentate, rarely subentire, apex obtuse to subacute, straight, teeth 2–5, normally at each side of margin, short-subulate or triangular-subulate, straight, 0.5–1.8 mm, or shorter than width of inner tepals;

tubercle usually 1, sometimes 3, then 1 distinctly larger, smooth.

5–15 in whorls;

inner tepals orbiculate, ovate-deltoid, or ovate-triangular, 3.5–4.5(–5) × 3–4(–4.5) mm, base truncate or rarely indistinctly cordate, margins entire, apex subacute;

tubercles 3, equal or subequal, much narrower than inner tepals, free margins of inner tepals wider than or at least as wide as tubercle, verrucose to subglabrous.

brown to reddish brown, 2–2.7 × 1.2–1.7 mm.

brown or dark reddish brown, 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 mm.

= 40.

= 20.