Rumex mexicanus |
Rumex confertus |
|
---|---|---|
Mexican dock, Mexican willow, Mexican willow or dock |
Asiatic dock, Russian dock |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, glabrous; with vertical rootstock, occasionally with short, creeping rhizomes. | Plants perennial, glabrous or weakly papillose-pubescent especially when young, with fusiform, vertical to oblique rootstock or short rhizomes. |
Stems | erect or ascending, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 30–60(–90) cm. |
erect, branched above middle, 50–100(–130) cm. |
Leaves | blades light green to yellowish green, linear-lanceolate, occasionally lanceolate, 6–14 × 1–3.5(–4) cm, usually ca. 5–7 times as long as wide, widest near middle, thin, not coriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, flat or undulate, apex acute or attenuate. |
ocrea mostly deciduous or rarely partially persistent at maturity; blade ovate-triangular, broadly ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 20–30 × 15–25 cm, base deeply and broadly cordate, margins entire to obscurely repand, usually slightly crisped or undulate, apex obtuse to subacute. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, rather dense or interrupted in proximal 1/2, usually broadly paniculate (branches simple or with few 2d-order branches). |
terminal, occupying distal 1/2 of stem (branches often slightly arcuate at base), rather dense, widely paniculate. |
Pedicels | articulated in proximal 1/3 or almost near base, filiform (thickened distally), 4–7 mm, not more than 2–2.5 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen. |
articulated in proximal 1/3, filiform, 4–10 mm, articulation distinctly swollen. |
Flowers | 10–20 in whorls; inner tepals broadly ovate-triangular, occasionally broadly triangular, 3.5–4.5(–5) × 3.5–4(–5) mm, base truncate or indistinctly cordate, margins entire or indistinctly erose, apex obtuse or subacute; tubercles 3, equal or subequal (much narrower than inner tepals). |
15–30 in whorls; inner tepals orbiculate-reniform or broadly scutate, 6–9 × 6–11 mm, as long as wide or nearly so, base cordate to subcordate, margins entire or subentire, occasionally irregularly erose near base, apex abruptly acute to acute; tubercles usually 1, small, 1–2 mm, normally less than 2 times as wide as inner tepals, rarely absent or indistinct. |
Achenes | brown or dark reddish brown, 2–3 × 1.5–2 mm. |
reddish brown, 3–3.5 × 1.7–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 40. |
=40. |
Rumex mexicanus |
Rumex confertus |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Shores of streams and rivers, wet meadows | Roadsides, waste places, meadows, river valleys |
Elevation | 1000 m (3300 ft) | 300-700 m (1000-2300 ft) |
Distribution |
NM; Mexico
|
ND; AB; MB; e Europe; ec Europe; w Asia (the Caucasus, Siberia) [Introduced in North America; introduced elsewhere] |
Discussion | Some authors recognize Rumex mexicanus in the broad sense, including in it many other taxa treated here as separate entities. For consistency, the entities of the R. salicifolius aggregate that are recognized herein are kept separate pending additional taxonomic research. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rumex confertus was placed in subsect. Conferti Rechinger f. This species is common and ecologically successful in central and eastern Europe; it may be expected elsewhere in temperate regions of North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 511. | FNA vol. 5, p. 517. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Axillares | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Rumex |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. alpinus var. subcalligerus | |
Name authority | Meisner: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 45. (1856) | Willdenow: Enum. Pl., 397. (1809) |
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