The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Arizona dock, canaigre, canaigre dock, cañaigre dock, wild-rhubarb

Habit Plants perennial, glabrous or indistinctly papillose-pubescent, with distinctly tuberous roots and short rhizomes. Plants perennial, glabrous or indistinctly papillose-pubescent, with fusiform or creeping horizontal rhizome.
Stems

usually erect, rarely ascending, branched above middle, 25–90(–100) cm.

erect, branched above middle (only in inflorescence), 60–100 cm.

Leaves

ocrea prominent and persistent at maturity, whitish or silvery white, membranous;

blade oblong, oblong-elliptic, or obovate-lanceolate, (5–)8–30 × 2–8(–12) cm, base cuneate or narrowly cuneate, margins entire, flat or indistinctly crisped, apex acute or acuminate, rarely obtuse.

ocreae deciduous or partially persistent at maturity;

blade normally oblong-lanceolate, 20–45 × 8–10 cm, normally more than 3 times as long as wide, base broadly cuneate, truncate, or weakly cordate, margins entire, flat or indistinctly crisped, apex obtuse or broadly acute.

Inflorescences

terminal, occupying distal 1/2 of stem, narrowly paniculate, rarely simple.

terminal, occupying distal 1/2 of stem, often dense, narrowly paniculate.

Pedicels

articulated near middle or in proximal 1/3, filiform, 5–15(–20) mm, articulation indistinct.

articulated in proximal 1/2, occasionally almost near base, filiform, 3–11 mm, articulation indistinct or weakly evident.

Flowers

5–20 in whorls;

inner tepals oblong-cordate or orbiculate-cordate, 11–16 × 9.5–14 mm, base sinuate or emarginate, margins entire, rarely with few extremely small denticles at base, apex obtuse or subacute;

tubercles absent.

10–20 in whorls;

inner tepals ovate-deltoid or ovate-triangular, 4–7 × 3–5 mm, widest at or near base, base truncate or weakly emarginate, margins erose to minutely dentate at least near base, apex narrowly acute;

tubercles absent.

Achenes

brown or reddish brown, 4–5(–7) × 2.5–4.5(–5) mm.

deep brown to reddish brown, 3–4 × 1.5–2.2 mm.

2n

= 40.

= 120.

Rumex hymenosepalus

Rumex pycnanthus

Phenology Flowering spring. Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Sandy and rocky places: plains, slopes, stream beds, alkaline soils Along streams and rivers in montane, subalpine, and alpine zones
Elevation 0-1700(-2000) m (0-5600(-6600) ft) 1700-3000 m (5600-9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; MT; NM; NV; OK; TX; UT; WY; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; UT
Discussion

Rumex hymenosepalus is the only species of subsect. Hymenosepali Rechinger f.

Two varieties have been recognized. The typical variety has achenes 5 mm and ovate-elliptic or oblong-cordate inner tepals with a subacute apex. Variety salinus (A. Nelson) Rechinger f. has larger achenes (to 7 mm) and almost orbiculate inner tepals with an obtuse apex.

Rumex hymenosepalus was reported also from Montana (J. E. Dawson 1979), but no exact localities were given.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rumex pycnanthus was reported (as R. subalpinus M. E. Jones) from White Pine County, Nevada (Mont E. Lewis 1973) and may occur in that state; according to J. T. Kartesz (1987, vol. 1), that record was based on misidentification of R. californicus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 515. FNA vol. 5, p. 516.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Rumex Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Rumex
Sibling taxa
R. acetosa, R. acetosella, R. alpinus, R. altissimus, R. arcticus, R. beringensis, R. britannica, R. brownii, R. bucephalophorus, R. californicus, R. chrysocarpus, R. confertus, R. conglomeratus, R. crassus, R. crispus, R. cristatus, R. cuneifolius, R. densiflorus, R. dentatus, R. ellipticus, R. fascicularis, R. floridanus, R. fueginus, R. graminifolius, R. hastatulus, R. hesperius, R. kerneri, R. krausei, R. lacustris, R. lapponicus, R. longifolius, R. maritimus, R. mexicanus, R. nematopodus, R. obovatus, R. obtusifolius, R. occidentalis, R. orthoneurus, R. pallidus, R. palustris, R. paraguayensis, R. patientia, R. paucifolius, R. persicarioides, R. praecox, R. pseudonatronatus, R. pulcher, R. pycnanthus, R. salicifolius, R. sanguineus, R. sibiricus, R. spiralis, R. stenophyllus, R. subarcticus, R. thyrsiflorus, R. tomentellus, R. transitorius, R. triangulivalvis, R. utahensis, R. venosus, R. verticillatus, R. violascens
R. acetosa, R. acetosella, R. alpinus, R. altissimus, R. arcticus, R. beringensis, R. britannica, R. brownii, R. bucephalophorus, R. californicus, R. chrysocarpus, R. confertus, R. conglomeratus, R. crassus, R. crispus, R. cristatus, R. cuneifolius, R. densiflorus, R. dentatus, R. ellipticus, R. fascicularis, R. floridanus, R. fueginus, R. graminifolius, R. hastatulus, R. hesperius, R. hymenosepalus, R. kerneri, R. krausei, R. lacustris, R. lapponicus, R. longifolius, R. maritimus, R. mexicanus, R. nematopodus, R. obovatus, R. obtusifolius, R. occidentalis, R. orthoneurus, R. pallidus, R. palustris, R. paraguayensis, R. patientia, R. paucifolius, R. persicarioides, R. praecox, R. pseudonatronatus, R. pulcher, R. salicifolius, R. sanguineus, R. sibiricus, R. spiralis, R. stenophyllus, R. subarcticus, R. thyrsiflorus, R. tomentellus, R. transitorius, R. triangulivalvis, R. utahensis, R. venosus, R. verticillatus, R. violascens
Synonyms R. arizonicus, R. hymenosepalus var. salinus, R. salinus, R. saxei R. subalpinus, R. densiflorus subsp. pycnanthus
Name authority Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 177. (1859) Rechinger f.: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 372. (1935)
Web links