Rumex hastatulus
Rumex triangulivalvis
heartwing dock, heartwing sorrel, wild dock, wild sorrel
triangular-valve dock, triangular-valved dock, white, white dock, white willow, white willow dock, willow dock
solitary or several from base, erect or ascending, branched in distal 2/3 (in inflorescence), 10–40(–45) cm.
ascending or erect, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, (30–)40–100 cm.
blade obovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate; 2–6(–10) × 0.5–2 cm, base hastate (with spreading lobes), auriculate, or occasionally without evident lobes, margins entire, flat, apex obtuse or subacute.
blades light or yellowish green, veins scarcely prominent abaxially, linear-lanceolate, 6–17 × 1–4(–5) cm, usually ca. 5–6 times as long as wide, widest near middle, thin, not coriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, flat or undulate, apex acute.
terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly paniculate.
terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, rather dense or interrupted in proximal 1/2, broadly to narrowly paniculate (branches usually with 2d-order branches, rarely simple).
articulated in proximal part, filiform, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm, articulation indistinct or slightly swollen.
articulated in proximal 1/3 or almost near base, filiform (but slightly thickened distally), 4–8 mm, usually ca. 1.5 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen.
3–6(–8) in whorls;
inner tepals orbiculate or broadly ovate, 2.5–3.2 × 2.7–3.2 mm, base broadly cordate or rounded, apex obtuse or subacute;
tubercles absent or some inner tepals with slightly swollen central veins.
10–25 in whorls;
inner tepals broadly triangular, (2–)2.5–3.5(–3.8) × (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) mm, base truncate or rounded, margins entire or indistinctly erose only near base, apex acute, occasionally subobtuse-triangular;
tubercles usually 3, (1 in some forms, then large, occupying at least 0.5 width of inner tepal), equal or subequal, much narrower than inner tepals glabrous or minutely verrucose.
brown or dark brown, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm.
brown or dark reddish brown, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm.
= 8 (pistillate plants), 9 (staminate plants), 10 (both sexes).
= 20.
Rumex hastatulus
Rumex triangulivalvis
Rumex hastatulus is distinct in subg. Acetosa and belongs to the monotypic subsect. Americanae Á. Löve & N. Sarkar. It is represented by at least two chromosome races: populations occurring from North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi normally have 2n = 8 in pistillate plants and 2n = 9 in staminate plants; populations from Louisiana to Texas and Oklahoma predominantly have 2n = 10 in both sexes. Rumex hastatulus has been reported from New Mexico (W. C. Martin and C. R. Hutchins 1980, vol. 1), but those records need confirmation. When fruiting, R. hastatulus has large inner tepals that distinguish it from R. acetosella, with which it is occasionally confused.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Rumex triangulivalvis is the most common and widespread species of the R. salicifolius group. It often occurs in ruderal habitats and may be expected outside its present range.
The names Rumex salicifolius and R. mexicanus (in the broad sense) were commonly applied to this species by many North American and European authors.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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