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heartwing dock, heartwing sorrel, wild dock, wild sorrel

Pacific willow dock, willow dock

Habit Plants annual or short-lived perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock. Plants perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock.
Stems

solitary or several from base, erect or ascending, branched in distal 2/3 (in inflorescence), 10–40(–45) cm.

ascending, ascending-decumbent, or erect, simple or producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 25–70 cm.

Leaves

blade obovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate; 2–6(–10) × 0.5–2 cm, base hastate (with spreading lobes), auriculate, or occasionally without evident lobes, margins entire, flat, apex obtuse or subacute.

blades linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 6–15(–17) × 2–4 cm, usually ca. 3.5–6 times as long as wide, widest near middle or nearly so, thin or rarely subcoriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, undulate or slightly crisped, apex acute.

Inflorescences

terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly paniculate.

terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, dense or occasionally interrupted near base, usually broadly paniculate (branches simple or with few 2d-order branches).

Pedicels

articulated in proximal part, filiform, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm, articulation indistinct or slightly swollen.

articulated in proximal 1/3, filiform, 3–7 mm, equaling or 1.5–2 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly swollen.

Flowers

3–6(–8) in whorls;

inner tepals orbiculate or broadly ovate, 2.5–3.2 × 2.7–3.2 mm, base broadly cordate or rounded, apex obtuse or subacute;

tubercles absent or some inner tepals with slightly swollen central veins.

10–20(–25) in whorls;

inner tepals, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, occasionally almost triangular, (2.5–)3–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, base truncate or rounded, margins entire or indistinctly erose, apex obtuse or subacute;

tubercles 3 (occasionally 1 in var. monotylos Rechinger f., then very large, subequal or only slightly narrower than inner tepal), distinctly unequal (1 larger tubercle subequal or slightly narrower than inner tepal), usually smooth.

Achenes

brown or dark brown, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm.

dark reddish brown, 1.8–2.4 × 1–1.5 mm.

2n

= 8 (pistillate plants), 9 (staminate plants), 10 (both sexes).

= 20.

Rumex hastatulus

Rumex transitorius

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering late spring–early summer.
Habitat Dry to moist alluvial and ruderal habitats, river valleys, sandy plains, meadows, waste places Coastal dunes and marshes, shores of rivers and streams, wet meadows
Elevation 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rumex hastatulus is distinct in subg. Acetosa and belongs to the monotypic subsect. Americanae Á. Löve & N. Sarkar. It is represented by at least two chromosome races: populations occurring from North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi normally have 2n = 8 in pistillate plants and 2n = 9 in staminate plants; populations from Louisiana to Texas and Oklahoma predominantly have 2n = 10 in both sexes. Rumex hastatulus has been reported from New Mexico (W. C. Martin and C. R. Hutchins 1980, vol. 1), but those records need confirmation. When fruiting, R. hastatulus has large inner tepals that distinguish it from R. acetosella, with which it is occasionally confused.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

J. T. Kartesz (1987, vol. 1) reported Rumex transitorius from Washoe County, Nevada; the morphological characters mentioned in his description suggest another taxon of the R. salicifolius aggregate. Records from Idaho also need confirmation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 502. FNA vol. 5, p. 512.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Acetosa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Axillares
Sibling taxa
R. acetosa, R. acetosella, R. alpinus, R. altissimus, R. arcticus, R. beringensis, R. britannica, R. brownii, R. bucephalophorus, R. californicus, R. chrysocarpus, R. confertus, R. conglomeratus, R. crassus, R. crispus, R. cristatus, R. cuneifolius, R. densiflorus, R. dentatus, R. ellipticus, R. fascicularis, R. floridanus, R. fueginus, R. graminifolius, R. hesperius, R. hymenosepalus, R. kerneri, R. krausei, R. lacustris, R. lapponicus, R. longifolius, R. maritimus, R. mexicanus, R. nematopodus, R. obovatus, R. obtusifolius, R. occidentalis, R. orthoneurus, R. pallidus, R. palustris, R. paraguayensis, R. patientia, R. paucifolius, R. persicarioides, R. praecox, R. pseudonatronatus, R. pulcher, R. pycnanthus, R. salicifolius, R. sanguineus, R. sibiricus, R. spiralis, R. stenophyllus, R. subarcticus, R. thyrsiflorus, R. tomentellus, R. transitorius, R. triangulivalvis, R. utahensis, R. venosus, R. verticillatus, R. violascens
R. acetosa, R. acetosella, R. alpinus, R. altissimus, R. arcticus, R. beringensis, R. britannica, R. brownii, R. bucephalophorus, R. californicus, R. chrysocarpus, R. confertus, R. conglomeratus, R. crassus, R. crispus, R. cristatus, R. cuneifolius, R. densiflorus, R. dentatus, R. ellipticus, R. fascicularis, R. floridanus, R. fueginus, R. graminifolius, R. hastatulus, R. hesperius, R. hymenosepalus, R. kerneri, R. krausei, R. lacustris, R. lapponicus, R. longifolius, R. maritimus, R. mexicanus, R. nematopodus, R. obovatus, R. obtusifolius, R. occidentalis, R. orthoneurus, R. pallidus, R. palustris, R. paraguayensis, R. patientia, R. paucifolius, R. persicarioides, R. praecox, R. pseudonatronatus, R. pulcher, R. pycnanthus, R. salicifolius, R. sanguineus, R. sibiricus, R. spiralis, R. stenophyllus, R. subarcticus, R. thyrsiflorus, R. tomentellus, R. triangulivalvis, R. utahensis, R. venosus, R. verticillatus, R. violascens
Synonyms Acetosa hastatula, R. engelmannii R. salicifolius var. transitorius
Name authority Baldwin: in S. Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 416. (1817) Rechinger f.: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40: 296. (1936)
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