Rumex hastatulus |
Rumex praecox |
|
---|---|---|
heartwing dock, heartwing sorrel, wild dock, wild sorrel |
early dock |
|
Habit | Plants annual or short-lived perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock. | Plants perennial, glabrous (occasionally indistinctly papillose on veins of leaf blades abaxially), with incrassate creeping rhizome. |
Stems | solitary or several from base, erect or ascending, branched in distal 2/3 (in inflorescence), 10–40(–45) cm. |
erect, branched from proximal 1/2 of stem, 20–45 cm. |
Leaves | blade obovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate; 2–6(–10) × 0.5–2 cm, base hastate (with spreading lobes), auriculate, or occasionally without evident lobes, margins entire, flat, apex obtuse or subacute. |
ocrea deciduous or partially persistent at maturity; blade oblong or elliptic, sometimes almost orbiculate, 3–7(–14) × 1.5–5(–7) cm, ca. 2(–2.5) times as long as wide, base broadly cuneate or rounded, margins entire or weakly crisped, apex obtuse or subacute. |
Inflorescences | terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly paniculate. |
terminal, occupying more than proximal 1/2 of stem, narrowly paniculate. |
Pedicels | articulated in proximal part, filiform, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm, articulation indistinct or slightly swollen. |
articulated in proximal 1/2, filiform, 3–7 mm, articulation indistinct, scarcely visible. |
Flowers | 3–6(–8) in whorls; inner tepals orbiculate or broadly ovate, 2.5–3.2 × 2.7–3.2 mm, base broadly cordate or rounded, apex obtuse or subacute; tubercles absent or some inner tepals with slightly swollen central veins. |
10–20 in whorls; inner tepals ovate or oblong, 4.5 × 2.5 mm, widest at or near middle, base emarginate or cordate, margins entire or weakly serrate, apex commonly obtuse; tubercles absent. |
Achenes | brown or dark brown, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm. |
greenish brown, 2.8–4 × 1.5–2 mm. |
2n | = 8 (pistillate plants), 9 (staminate plants), 10 (both sexes). |
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Rumex hastatulus |
Rumex praecox |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering late spring. |
Habitat | Dry to moist alluvial and ruderal habitats, river valleys, sandy plains, meadows, waste places | Along streams and river valleys |
Elevation | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) | 2400-3000 m (7900-9800 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
CO; WY |
Discussion | Rumex hastatulus is distinct in subg. Acetosa and belongs to the monotypic subsect. Americanae Á. Löve & N. Sarkar. It is represented by at least two chromosome races: populations occurring from North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi normally have 2n = 8 in pistillate plants and 2n = 9 in staminate plants; populations from Louisiana to Texas and Oklahoma predominantly have 2n = 10 in both sexes. Rumex hastatulus has been reported from New Mexico (W. C. Martin and C. R. Hutchins 1980, vol. 1), but those records need confirmation. When fruiting, R. hastatulus has large inner tepals that distinguish it from R. acetosella, with which it is occasionally confused. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 502. | FNA vol. 5, p. 517. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Acetosa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Rumex |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Acetosa hastatula, R. engelmannii | |
Name authority | Baldwin: in S. Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 416. (1817) | Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 137. (1906) |
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