Rumex hastatulus |
Rumex brownii |
|
---|---|---|
heartwing dock, heartwing sorrel, wild dock, wild sorrel |
Brown's dock |
|
Habit | Plants annual or short-lived perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock. | Plants perennial, glabrous or very indistinctly papillose on veins of leaf blades abaxially, with vertical rootstock. |
Stems | solitary or several from base, erect or ascending, branched in distal 2/3 (in inflorescence), 10–40(–45) cm. |
erect or ascending, divaricately branched in distal 1/2–2/3, 30–80(–100) cm. |
Leaves | blade obovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate; 2–6(–10) × 0.5–2 cm, base hastate (with spreading lobes), auriculate, or occasionally without evident lobes, margins entire, flat, apex obtuse or subacute. |
ocrea deciduous or partially persistent; blade shape variable, oblong to lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, often panduriform, contracted near or proximal middle, (3–)5–15(–17) × 1–3(–5) cm, base truncate, slightly cordate, or broadly cuneate, margins entire, normally slightly undulate and crisped, apex acute or subobtuse. |
Inflorescences | terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, usually lax and interrupted, narrowly paniculate. |
terminal, occupying distal 2/3 or most of stem, lax, interrupted in proximal part or throughout, broadly paniculate, branches spreading. |
Pedicels | articulated in proximal part, filiform, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm, articulation indistinct or slightly swollen. |
articulated in proximal 1/3, filiform (occasionally thickened distally), 2.5–5 mm, usually as long as or slightly longer than inner tepals, articulation distinctly swollen. |
Flowers | 3–6(–8) in whorls; inner tepals orbiculate or broadly ovate, 2.5–3.2 × 2.7–3.2 mm, base broadly cordate or rounded, apex obtuse or subacute; tubercles absent or some inner tepals with slightly swollen central veins. |
5–8(–10) in rather lax remote whorls; inner tepals broadly to narrowly triangular, 2.5–4 × 1.5–2.3 mm (excluding teeth), base truncate or broadly cuneate, margins prominently dentate, apex acute and ending in hooked tooth, teeth 3–5, at each side of margins, hooked, 0.5–1.5 mm; tubercles absent, or midveins indistinctly swollen. |
Achenes | brown or dark brown, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm. |
reddish brown, 1.8–2.3 × 1.2–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 8 (pistillate plants), 9 (staminate plants), 10 (both sexes). |
= 20. |
Rumex hastatulus |
Rumex brownii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Dry to moist alluvial and ruderal habitats, river valleys, sandy plains, meadows, waste places | Waste places, near wool-combing mills |
Elevation | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) | 0 m (0 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
SC; Europe; Australia; Pacific Islands (Java, New Guinea, New Zealand, Timor) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Rumex hastatulus is distinct in subg. Acetosa and belongs to the monotypic subsect. Americanae Á. Löve & N. Sarkar. It is represented by at least two chromosome races: populations occurring from North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi normally have 2n = 8 in pistillate plants and 2n = 9 in staminate plants; populations from Louisiana to Texas and Oklahoma predominantly have 2n = 10 in both sexes. Rumex hastatulus has been reported from New Mexico (W. C. Martin and C. R. Hutchins 1980, vol. 1), but those records need confirmation. When fruiting, R. hastatulus has large inner tepals that distinguish it from R. acetosella, with which it is occasionally confused. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rumex brownii, an uncommon “wool alien” in North America, was collected in South Carolina in the late 1950s (J. E. Dawson 1979). It is uncertain if it persists there. It occasionally occurs in Europe as a casual alien. This species is a member of subsect. Acrancistron Rechinger f. (see K. H. Rechinger 1984), which includes two Australian species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 502. | FNA vol. 5, p. 532. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Acetosa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Rumex |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Acetosa hastatula, R. engelmannii | R. fimbriatus |
Name authority | Baldwin: in S. Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 416. (1817) | Campderá: Monogr. Rumex, 81. (1819) |
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