Rumex conglomeratus |
Rumex utahensis |
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cluster dock, cluster or cluster green dock, green dock, sharp dock |
tooth willow dock, Utah willow dock |
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Habit | Plants perennial, normally glabrous, rarely very indistinctly papillose on veins of leaf blades abaxially, with fusiform, vertical rootstock. | Plants perennial, glabrous, with vertical rootstock. |
Stems | erect, branched in distal 2/3 (sometimes with few flowering stems from rootstock), 30–80(–120) cm. |
usually erect, occasionally ascending, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 15–40(–60) cm. |
Leaves | ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity; blade oblong-lanceolate, obovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, normally (5–)10–30 × 2.5–6 cm, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or truncate, rarely subcordate, margins entire, flat to very weakly undulate, apex subacute, occasionally obtuse. |
blades lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 6–15 × 2–3 cm, usually ca. 4–5 times as long as wide, widest near middle or slightly towards base, usually thin, base cuneate, margin entire, flat, rarely indistinctly undulate, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, lax, interrupted, broadly paniculate, branches simple or nearly so, almost all but distalmost whorls with subtending leaves; panicle leafy at least in proximal 2/3 of length. |
terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/5–1/3 of stem, dense or occasionally slightly interrupted at base, usually broadly paniculate (branches normally simple and crowded). |
Pedicels | articulated in proximal 1/3 or occasionally near middle, filiform, 1–4(–5) mm, ca. as long as inner tepals or slightly longer, articulation distinctly swollen. |
articulated in proximal 1/3 or almost near base, filiform (but thickened distally), 4–7 mm, not more than 2–2.5 times as long as inner tepals, articulation indistinctly or evidently swollen. |
Flowers | 10–20 in dense remote whorls; inner tepals oblong-lanceolate, oblong, or lingulate, 2–3 × 1–1.6(–2) mm, ca. 2 times as long as wide, base cuneate or truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse; tubercles 3, equal or subequal, largest tubercle almost as wide as inner tepal. |
10–25 in whorls; inner tepals deltoid or broadly ovate-deltoid, 2.5–3 × 2.5–3 mm, base truncate or indistinctly cordate, margins entire, apex acute, rarely subacute; tubercles absent. |
Achenes | usually dark reddish brown, 1.5–1.8 × 1–1.4 mm. |
dark reddish brown or almost black, 1.8–2 × 1–1.3 mm. |
2n | = 20. |
= 40. |
Rumex conglomeratus |
Rumex utahensis |
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Phenology | Flowering early summer–early fall. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Marshes, wet meadows, shores, alluvial woods, ditches, wet waste places | Shores of rivers and streams, wet meadows, rocky slopes |
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | 1000-3500 m (3300-11500 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; WV; BC; Europe; w Asia; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced elsewhere]
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CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WY; AB
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Discussion | Rumex conglomeratus often is confused with immature specimens of R. obtusifolius, as well as with other species (e.g., R. sanguineus). Its distribution in North America is insufficiently known, and some literature records may refer to R. obtusifolius. Rumex conglomeratus and R. sanguineus were placed in subsect. Conglomerati Rechinger f. (K. H. Rechinger 1937). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The names Rumex mexicanus and R. salicifolius in the broad sense often have been applied to R. utahensis. Records of “narrow-leaved forms” of Rumex utahensis from Yukon (E. Hultén 1968) probably refer to R. hultenii Tzvelev (see comments under 27. R. sibiricus) or R. sibiricus in the narrow sense. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 524. | FNA vol. 5, p. 510. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Rumex | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Rumex > subg. Rumex > sect. Axillares |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. acutus | |
Name authority | Murray: Prodr. Stirp. Gott., 52. (1770) | Rechinger f.: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 40: 298. (1936) |
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