Flora of North America species comparison

erect, branched in distal 2/3 (sometimes with few flowering stems from rootstock), 30–80(–120) cm.

ascending or decumbent, usually producing axillary shoots below 1st-order inflorescence or at proximal nodes, 50–60(–70) cm.

ocrea deciduous to partially persistent at maturity;

blade oblong-lanceolate, obovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, normally (5–)10–30 × 2.5–6 cm, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or truncate, rarely subcordate, margins entire, flat to very weakly undulate, apex subacute, occasionally obtuse.

blades with lateral veins forming angle of ca. 80° with midvein especially near base, ovate or ovate-elliptic, 10–25 × 4–12 cm, usually ca. 2 times as long as wide, fleshy, coriaceous, base rounded or truncate-cuneate, occasionally indistinctly cordate, margins entire, flat, apex acute.

terminal, occupying distal 2/3 of stem, lax, interrupted, broadly paniculate, branches simple or nearly so, almost all but distalmost whorls with subtending leaves;

panicle leafy at least in proximal 2/3 of length.

terminal and axillary, terminal usually occupying distal 1/3–1/2 of stem, usually lax, interrupted in proximal part, broadly paniculate.

articulated in proximal 1/3 or occasionally near middle, filiform, 1–4(–5) mm, ca. as long as inner tepals or slightly longer, articulation distinctly swollen.

articulated in proximal part, distinctly thickened distally 8–13 mm, (2.5–)3–4 times as long as inner tepals, articulation slightly swollen.

10–20 in dense remote whorls;

inner tepals oblong-lanceolate, oblong, or lingulate, 2–3 × 1–1.6(–2) mm, ca. 2 times as long as wide, base cuneate or truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse;

tubercles 3, equal or subequal, largest tubercle almost as wide as inner tepal.

10–20 in whorls;

inner tepals orbiculate or rounded-triangular, 4–5 × 4–5 mm, base truncate or subcordate, margins entire, or rarely indistinctly erose, apex acute or acuminate (with broadly triangular tip);

tubercles 3, equal or subequal, minutely punctate and/or rugose in proximal part.

usually dark reddish brown, 1.5–1.8 × 1–1.4 mm.

brown or dark brown, 2–2.5(–3) × 1.8–2.5 mm.

= 20.

= 60.