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California coneflower, waxy cone-flower

sweet coneflower

Habit Perennials, to 150 cm (roots fibrous). Perennials, to 200 cm (rhizomatous, rhizomes stout).
Stems

densely hirsute (hairs mostly antrorse, to 0.5 mm).

Leaves

bluish green (heavily glaucous), blades lanceolate to elliptic (not lobed), leathery, bases attenuate, margins entire or remotely serrulate, apices acute, faces glabrous;

basal petiolate, 20–50 × 4–10 cm;

cauline petiolate or sessile, 10–25 × 2–8 cm.

blades ovate to elliptic (not lobed), margins denticulate to serrate, apices acute to obtuse or acuminate, faces densely hirsute and gland-dotted (glands fewer adaxially);

basal 15–30 × 3–10 cm, bases attenuate;

cauline petiolate, ovate to elliptic, proximal 3–25 × 1–15 cm, usually 3–5-lobed, bases truncate to cuneate or rounded.

Receptacles

conic to columnar;

paleae 4–6.5 mm, apices acute, often attenuate, abaxial tips hairy.

conic to hemispheric;

paleae 4–6 mm, apices acute, abaxial tips hirsute and gland-dotted.

Ray florets

7–15;

laminae elliptic to oblong, 25–40 × 8–14 mm, abaxially hairy.

10–16;

laminae (yellow to yellow-orange) linear to oblanceolate, 20–40 × 5–8 mm, abaxially sparsely hairy, abundantly gland-dotted.

Disc florets

250–400+;

corollas yellowish green, 3–4 mm;

style branches ca. 1 mm, apices acute.

200–400+;

corollas yellowish green on basal 1/2, otherwise brown-purple, 3–4.2 mm;

style branches ca. 1 mm, apices acute.

Phyllaries

to 1.5 cm.

to 1.5 cm (faces hairy and ± gland-dotted).

Heads

borne singly or (2–10) in ± corymbiform arrays.

(8–25) in loose, corymbiform to paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

4–5.5 mm;

pappi coroniform or of ± connate scales, to 1.2 mm.

2–3.5 mm;

pappi coroniform, to ca. 0.2 mm.

Discs

15–35 × 14–22 mm.

10–17 × 5–15 mm.

2n

= 36.

= 38.

Rudbeckia glaucescens

Rudbeckia subtomentosa

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering late summer–fall.
Habitat Meadows, seeps, streamsides Mesic to wet prairies, stream banks, and woodland openings
Elevation 60–1300 m (200–4300 ft) 20–300 m (100–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CT; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MI; MO; MS; NC; NY; OK; TN; TX; WI
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Discussion

Rudbeckia glaucescens often grows on serpentine and often with Darlingtonia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rudbeckia subtomentosa is often cultivated as an ornamental.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 48. FNA vol. 21, p. 59.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Rudbeckiinae > Rudbeckia > sect. Macrocline Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Rudbeckiinae > Rudbeckia > sect. Rudbeckia
Sibling taxa
R. alpicola, R. amplexicaulis, R. auriculata, R. californica, R. fulgida, R. graminifolia, R. grandiflora, R. heliopsidis, R. hirta, R. klamathensis, R. laciniata, R. maxima, R. missouriensis, R. mohrii, R. mollis, R. montana, R. nitida, R. occidentalis, R. scabrifolia, R. subtomentosa, R. texana, R. triloba
R. alpicola, R. amplexicaulis, R. auriculata, R. californica, R. fulgida, R. glaucescens, R. graminifolia, R. grandiflora, R. heliopsidis, R. hirta, R. klamathensis, R. laciniata, R. maxima, R. missouriensis, R. mohrii, R. mollis, R. montana, R. nitida, R. occidentalis, R. scabrifolia, R. texana, R. triloba
Synonyms R. californica var. glauca
Name authority Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 55. (1937) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 575. (1813)
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