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California coneflower, waxy cone-flower

roughleaf coneflower

Habit Perennials, to 150 cm (roots fibrous). Perennials, to 200 cm (rhizomatous, roots fibrous).
Leaves

bluish green (heavily glaucous), blades lanceolate to elliptic (not lobed), leathery, bases attenuate, margins entire or remotely serrulate, apices acute, faces glabrous;

basal petiolate, 20–50 × 4–10 cm;

cauline petiolate or sessile, 10–25 × 2–8 cm.

green (dried, dark under reflected UV light), blades elliptic to lanceolate (not lobed), ± leathery, bases attenuate to cuneate or rounded, margins entire or coarsely toothed, apices acute, faces hairy;

basal petiolate, 15–65 × 2–15 cm;

cauline sessile (proximalmost often petiolate), 5–50 × 2–12 cm (mids ± pandurate, bases auriculate).

Receptacles

conic to columnar;

paleae 4–6.5 mm, apices acute, often attenuate, abaxial tips hairy.

ovoid to ellipsoid;

paleae 6–8 mm, (apical margins densely ciliate) apices acute, abaxial tips hairy.

Ray florets

7–15;

laminae elliptic to oblong, 25–40 × 8–14 mm, abaxially hairy.

10–15;

corollas yellow, laminae oblong to oblanceolate, 20–40 × 5–12 mm, abaxially hairy.

Disc florets

250–400+;

corollas yellowish green, 3–4 mm;

style branches ca. 1 mm, apices acute.

150–400+;

corollas greenish yellow proximally, maroon distally, 3.5–5 mm;

style branches ca. 2 mm, apices acute.

Phyllaries

to 1.5 cm.

to 2 cm (margins ciliate).

Heads

borne singly or (2–10) in ± corymbiform arrays.

(to 15) in ± corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

4–5.5 mm;

pappi coroniform or of ± connate scales, to 1.2 mm.

3.5–5 mm;

pappi coroniform, to 2.5 mm.

Discs

15–35 × 14–22 mm.

12–25 × 12–20 mm.

2n

= 36.

= 36.

Rudbeckia glaucescens

Rudbeckia scabrifolia

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering late spring–fall.
Habitat Meadows, seeps, streamsides Hillside seeps
Elevation 60–1300 m (200–4300 ft) 10–60 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
LA; TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rudbeckia glaucescens often grows on serpentine and often with Darlingtonia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rudbeckia scabrifolia occurs in western Louisiana and eastern Texas. It is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 48. FNA vol. 21, p. 51.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Rudbeckiinae > Rudbeckia > sect. Macrocline Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Rudbeckiinae > Rudbeckia > sect. Macrocline
Sibling taxa
R. alpicola, R. amplexicaulis, R. auriculata, R. californica, R. fulgida, R. graminifolia, R. grandiflora, R. heliopsidis, R. hirta, R. klamathensis, R. laciniata, R. maxima, R. missouriensis, R. mohrii, R. mollis, R. montana, R. nitida, R. occidentalis, R. scabrifolia, R. subtomentosa, R. texana, R. triloba
R. alpicola, R. amplexicaulis, R. auriculata, R. californica, R. fulgida, R. glaucescens, R. graminifolia, R. grandiflora, R. heliopsidis, R. hirta, R. klamathensis, R. laciniata, R. maxima, R. missouriensis, R. mohrii, R. mollis, R. montana, R. nitida, R. occidentalis, R. subtomentosa, R. texana, R. triloba
Synonyms R. californica var. glauca
Name authority Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 55. (1937) L. E. Brown: Phytologia 61: 367, fig. 1. (1986)
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