Rudbeckia glaucescens |
Rudbeckia |
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California coneflower, waxy cone-flower |
cone-flower, rudbeckia |
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Habit | Perennials, to 150 cm (roots fibrous). | Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [perennials], mostly 10–80(–200) cm. | ||||||||
Stems | erect, branched distally or ± throughout. |
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Leaves | bluish green (heavily glaucous), blades lanceolate to elliptic (not lobed), leathery, bases attenuate, margins entire or remotely serrulate, apices acute, faces glabrous; basal petiolate, 20–50 × 4–10 cm; cauline petiolate or sessile, 10–25 × 2–8 cm. |
cauline; mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate); petiolate or sessile; blades mostly lanceolate to oblanceolate overall, usually 1–3-pinnately lobed or -pinnatisect, ultimate margins toothed or entire, faces glabrous or hairy (oil-glands scattered and/or submarginal). |
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Involucres | narrowly cylindric or fusiform to turbinate or broadly campanulate, 1–12+ mm diam. |
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Receptacles | conic to columnar; paleae 4–6.5 mm, apices acute, often attenuate, abaxial tips hairy. |
convex to conic, smooth or finely pitted, epaleate. |
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Ray florets | 7–15; laminae elliptic to oblong, 25–40 × 8–14 mm, abaxially hairy. |
0 or 1–8(–13+) (to 100+ in “double” cultivars), pistillate, fertile (except “double” cultivars); corollas yellow or orange, red-brown (with or without yellow/orange), or white. |
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Disc florets | 250–400+; corollas yellowish green, 3–4 mm; style branches ca. 1 mm, apices acute. |
6–120+, bisexual, fertile; corollas greenish yellow to orange, sometimes tipped with red or red-brown, tubes much longer than or about equaling funnelform throats, lobes 5, deltate to lance-linear (equal or 2 sinuses deeper than others). |
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Phyllaries | to 1.5 cm. |
persistent, 3–21+ in 1–2 series (connate to 7/8+ their lengths, usually streaked and/or dotted with oil-glands). |
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Calyculi | 0. |
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Heads | borne singly or (2–10) in ± corymbiform arrays. |
radiate or discoid, borne singly or in ± corymbiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | 4–5.5 mm; pappi coroniform or of ± connate scales, to 1.2 mm. |
narrowly obpyramidal or fusiform-terete, sometimes weakly flattened, glabrous or hairy; pappi persistent, of 2–5(–10) dissimilar, distinct or connate scales in ± 1 series: 0–5+ oblong to lanceolate, erose-truncate or laciniate plus 0–2(–5) longer, subulate to aristate. |
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Discs | 15–35 × 14–22 mm. |
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x | = 12. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Rudbeckia glaucescens |
Rudbeckia |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | |||||||||
Habitat | Meadows, seeps, streamsides | |||||||||
Elevation | 60–1300 m (200–4300 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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North America [Introduced in Europe] |
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Discussion | Rudbeckia glaucescens often grows on serpentine and often with Darlingtonia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 23 (23 in the flora). The species of Rudbeckia are distributed among three major clades or lineages. Although relationships among the lineages are not robustly resolved, the lineages are treated here as sections (as they have been traditionally). Rudbeckia hirta and sometimes other species of the genus are used in experimental studies relating to initiation of flowering and hairy root culture. Most species are rich sources of phytochemicals that may offer potential for pharmaceutical or other uses. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 48. | FNA vol. 21, p. 44. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Rudbeckiinae > Rudbeckia > sect. Macrocline | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Rudbeckiinae | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | R. californica var. glauca | |||||||||
Name authority | Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 55. (1937) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 906. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 387. (1754) | ||||||||
Web links |