Rubus spectabilis |
Rubus pubescens |
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salmon berry |
dwarf raspberry, dwarf red blackberry, dwarf red blackberry or raspberry or red raspberry, dwarf red blackberry raspberry, dwarf red raspberry, five-leaf bramble, red raspberry, ronce pubescente, trailing raspberry |
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Habit | Shrubs, 10–40 dm, usually armed. | Herbs, to 0.4 dm, unarmed. |
Stems | erect to arching, glabrate or sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely short-stipitate-glandular, rarely densely long-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; bark usually papery with age, peeling (especially toward base); prickles absent or sparse to dense, erect, slender, 1–5 mm, broad- to narrow-based. |
creeping, flowering branches erect, glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy, eglandular, not pruinose. |
Leaves | deciduous, ternate; stipules filiform to linear, 3–10 mm; terminal leaflets ovate, 4–15 × 3.5–15 cm, base truncate, rounded to shallowly cordate, shallowly, sharply lobed, margins coarsely serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces unarmed or with erect prickles on midvein, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely stipitate-glandular along midvein. |
deciduous, usually ternate, sometimes pedately 5-foliate; stipules lance-ovate to oblanceolate, (5–)8–12(–20) mm; leaflets 3(–5), petiolule of terminal leaflet 2–7 mm, terminal rhombic to obovate, (2–)4–8(–10) × 2–4(–6) cm, base cuneate, unlobed or 2-lobed, margins deeply serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute or acuminate, abaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy, eglandular. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, 1–2-flowered. |
1–3-flowered, sometimes umbelliform. |
Pedicels | unarmed or prickles sparse, erect, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely short-stipitate-glandular. |
moderately to densely long-hairy, eglandular to densely stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals pink to magenta, broadly to narrowly obovate, 10–30 mm; filaments laminar; ovaries glabrous. |
bisexual; petals white to pink, oblanceolate to obovate, (4–)6–8(–10) mm; filaments laminar; ovaries glabrous, styles glabrous. |
Fruits | yellow, orange, or red, globose to ovoid, 1–2 cm; drupelets 20–80, strongly coherent, separating from torus. |
red, globose to conical, 0.5–1.4 cm diam., drupelets (5–)10–25, loosely coherent, falling separately or as a unit with torus attached. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Rubus spectabilis |
Rubus pubescens |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jul. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Woodlands, woodland edges, bogs, shorelines, roadsides, disturbed areas, moist to wet soil | Swamps, bogs, fens, stream banks, moist woods, bluffs, gravel sites, sandy soil |
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | 0–2200 m (0–7200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; e Asia (Japan) [Introduced in Europe]
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AK; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM
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Discussion | Rubus spectabilis is a thicket-forming shrub that has relatively large and desirably edible fruit. The species is used as an ornamental primarily for its robust, showy flowers and is naturalized in parts of western Europe. It is sister to the Hawaiian endemic R. hawaiiensis A. Gray. See discussion under 36. R. ursinus for the uncertain application of the name R. menziesii Hooker. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus pubescens is recognized by its creeping, unarmed stems, oblanceolate to lance-ovate stipules, relatively small flowers, and white to pink petals. It hybridizes with R. arcticus subsp. acaulis in areas of sympatry, and the hybrids are referable to R. ×paracaulis L. H. Bailey [= R. pubescens var. paracaulis (L. H. Bailey) B. Boivin]. The hybrids are similar to R. arcticus subsp. acaulis in having more obovate, rounded leaflets, and larger, pink to magenta petals; they are larger, creeping, and have hairy and stipitate-glandular pedicels and sepals like R. pubescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 53. | FNA vol. 9, p. 51. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. franciscanus, R. spectabilis var. franciscanus | R. saxatilis var. canadensis, R. pubescens var. pilosifolius |
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 348, plate 16. (1813) | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 3, 2: 333. (1811) |
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