Rubus spectabilis |
Rubus niveus |
|
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salmon berry |
Hill raspberry, Mysore, snowpeaks, snowpeaks raspberry |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 10–40 dm, usually armed. | Shrubs, 10–30 dm, armed. |
Stems | erect to arching, glabrate or sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely short-stipitate-glandular, rarely densely long-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; bark usually papery with age, peeling (especially toward base); prickles absent or sparse to dense, erect, slender, 1–5 mm, broad- to narrow-based. |
biennial, erect to arching, often scrambling, sparsely hairy, glabrescent, eglandular, strongly pruinose; prickles sparsely to moderately dense, hooked to reflexed, stout, 3–9 mm, broad-based. |
Leaves | deciduous, ternate; stipules filiform to linear, 3–10 mm; terminal leaflets ovate, 4–15 × 3.5–15 cm, base truncate, rounded to shallowly cordate, shallowly, sharply lobed, margins coarsely serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces unarmed or with erect prickles on midvein, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely stipitate-glandular along midvein. |
deciduous, pinnately compound; stipules linear-lanceolate, 4–8 mm; leaflets (3–)5–7(–9), terminal ovate to broadly ovate, 4–6.7 × (2.4–)3.4–5.4 cm, base shallowly cordate, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, margins coarsely serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to short-acuminate, abaxial surfaces with scattered, reflexed, broad-based prickles on midveins, densely white-tomentose, eglandular. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, 1–2-flowered. |
terminal and axillary, 1–11-flowered, cymiform. |
Pedicels | unarmed or prickles sparse, erect, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely short-stipitate-glandular. |
prickles absent or sparse, erect to reflexed, pubescent, eglandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals pink to magenta, broadly to narrowly obovate, 10–30 mm; filaments laminar; ovaries glabrous. |
bisexual; petals pink to magenta, broadly obovate to orbiculate, 4 mm; filaments laminar; ovaries densely hairy. |
Fruits | yellow, orange, or red, globose to ovoid, 1–2 cm; drupelets 20–80, strongly coherent, separating from torus. |
purple-black, hemispheric to globose, 0.5–1.5 cm; drupelets 50–75, coherent, separating from torus. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Rubus spectabilis |
Rubus niveus |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jul. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Woodlands, woodland edges, bogs, shorelines, roadsides, disturbed areas, moist to wet soil | Disturbed sites adjacent to tropical or subtropical woodlands |
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; e Asia (Japan) [Introduced in Europe]
|
FL; Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Central America, South America, Pacific Islands (Hawaii)] |
Discussion | Rubus spectabilis is a thicket-forming shrub that has relatively large and desirably edible fruit. The species is used as an ornamental primarily for its robust, showy flowers and is naturalized in parts of western Europe. It is sister to the Hawaiian endemic R. hawaiiensis A. Gray. See discussion under 36. R. ursinus for the uncertain application of the name R. menziesii Hooker. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus niveus is distinguished from other raspberries by its pinnately compound leaves with 5–7 leaflets, ovate to broadly ovate terminal leaflet, leaflets with prickles on the midvein, and pink to magenta, broadly obovate to orbiculate petals. The species was introduced into southern Florida around 1949 from seeds obtained in Kenya and quickly became popular for its fruits, which are edible fresh or frozen and are often used in preserves, pies, and tarts (J. F. Morton 1987). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 53. | FNA vol. 9, p. 46. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. franciscanus, R. spectabilis var. franciscanus | |
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 348, plate 16. (1813) | Thunberg: Rubo, 9, fig. 3. (1813) |
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