Rubus spectabilis |
Rubus deliciosus |
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salmon berry |
boulder raspberry, delicious raspberry |
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Habit | Shrubs, 10–40 dm, usually armed. | Shrubs, 5–15(–20) dm, unarmed. |
Stems | erect to arching, glabrate or sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely short-stipitate-glandular, rarely densely long-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; bark usually papery with age, peeling (especially toward base); prickles absent or sparse to dense, erect, slender, 1–5 mm, broad- to narrow-based. |
decumbent to erect, glabrous or sparsely short-hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular, not pruinose. |
Leaves | deciduous, ternate; stipules filiform to linear, 3–10 mm; terminal leaflets ovate, 4–15 × 3.5–15 cm, base truncate, rounded to shallowly cordate, shallowly, sharply lobed, margins coarsely serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces unarmed or with erect prickles on midvein, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely stipitate-glandular along midvein. |
deciduous, simple; stipules lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 5–8(–14) mm; blade orbiculate to reniform, (1.5–)2–4(–5) × (2.5–)3–4.5(–7) cm, base shallowly cordate, 3–5(–7)-lobed, lobe apices broadly rounded to obtuse, margins doubly dentate, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy, mostly along veins, sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, 1–2-flowered. |
1-flowered. |
Pedicels | unarmed or prickles sparse, erect, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely short-stipitate-glandular. |
pubescent, sparsely to densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals pink to magenta, broadly to narrowly obovate, 10–30 mm; filaments laminar; ovaries glabrous. |
bisexual; petals white, obovate to ovate, 15–25(–30) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous, styles clavate, villous. |
Fruits | yellow, orange, or red, globose to ovoid, 1–2 cm; drupelets 20–80, strongly coherent, separating from torus. |
dark purple, hemispheric, to 1 cm; drupelets 10–40, coherent, separating from torus. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14, 21. |
Rubus spectabilis |
Rubus deliciosus |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jul. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Woodlands, woodland edges, bogs, shorelines, roadsides, disturbed areas, moist to wet soil | Rocky canyons, outcrops, stream banks |
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | 1800–2900 m (5900–9500 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; e Asia (Japan) [Introduced in Europe]
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CO; NM; OK; WY
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Discussion | Rubus spectabilis is a thicket-forming shrub that has relatively large and desirably edible fruit. The species is used as an ornamental primarily for its robust, showy flowers and is naturalized in parts of western Europe. It is sister to the Hawaiian endemic R. hawaiiensis A. Gray. See discussion under 36. R. ursinus for the uncertain application of the name R. menziesii Hooker. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus deliciosus is recognized by its decumbent to erect, unarmed stems, relatively small simple leaves with obtuse to broadly rounded lobes, shallowly cordate bases, sparsely hairy abaxial surfaces, large flowers, white petals, glabrous or sparsely hairy sepals, and densely villous clavate styles. The distinction between R. deliciosus and R. neomexicanus is not always clear, especially when the former has more narrowly obtuse lobes and denser leaf abaxial hairs. Rubus deliciosus is also similar to R. bartonianus of Idaho and Oregon, as well as the Mexican R. trilobus Seringe. It might be reasonable to recognize a broader concept of R. deliciosus, one containing multiple infraspecific. Rubus deliciosus and its close relatives require a revisionary study. Rubus deliciosus has long been planted for its ornamental value because of its large, showy flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 53. | FNA vol. 9, p. 39. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. franciscanus, R. spectabilis var. franciscanus | R. medius, R. roezlii |
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 348, plate 16. (1813) | Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 196. (1827) |
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