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salmon berry

arctic blackberry, arctic raspberry, dwarf nagoonberry, nagoonberry

Habit Shrubs, 10–40 dm, usually armed. Herbs, 0.5–3 dm, unarmed.
Stems

erect to arching, glabrate or sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular or sparsely short-stipitate-glandular, rarely densely long-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose;

bark usually papery with age, peeling (especially toward base);

prickles absent or sparse to dense, erect, slender, 1–5 mm, broad- to narrow-based.

erect, thin, weak, ± woody basally, glabrous or sparsely hairy, eglandular, not pruinose.

Leaves

deciduous, ternate;

stipules filiform to linear, 3–10 mm;

terminal leaflets ovate, 4–15 × 3.5–15 cm, base truncate, rounded to shallowly cordate, shallowly, sharply lobed, margins coarsely serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces unarmed or with erect prickles on midvein, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely stipitate-glandular along midvein.

deciduous, simple and usually 3-lobed or ternate;

stipules ovate to lanceolate, 4–8 mm;

blade margins dentate, serrate, or doubly serrate, abaxial surfaces sparsely to moderately pubescent, eglandular.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, 1–2-flowered.

axillary, 1–3-flowered.

Pedicels

unarmed or prickles sparse, erect, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular, rarely short-stipitate-glandular.

glabrous or sparsely to moderately pubescent, eglandular or stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

bisexual;

petals pink to magenta, broadly to narrowly obovate, 10–30 mm;

filaments laminar;

ovaries glabrous.

bisexual;

petals pink to rose or magenta, obovate to oblanceolate, 8–25 mm;

outer filaments dilated basally, inner filiform;

ovaries glabrous or sparsely hairy, styles filiform.

Fruits

yellow, orange, or red, globose to ovoid, 1–2 cm;

drupelets 20–80, strongly coherent, separating from torus.

reddish to dark purple, globose, to 1 cm diam., rarely larger;

drupelets (10–)15–30, weakly coherent, separating with torus attached.

2n

= 14.

Rubus spectabilis

Rubus arcticus

Phenology Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jul.
Habitat Woodlands, woodland edges, bogs, shorelines, roadsides, disturbed areas, moist to wet soil
Elevation 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; OR; WA; BC; e Asia (Japan) [Introduced in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CO; ME; MI; MN; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rubus spectabilis is a thicket-forming shrub that has relatively large and desirably edible fruit. The species is used as an ornamental primarily for its robust, showy flowers and is naturalized in parts of western Europe. It is sister to the Hawaiian endemic R. hawaiiensis A. Gray. See discussion under 36. R. ursinus for the uncertain application of the name R. menziesii Hooker.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaves simple, usually 3-lobed.
subsp. stellatus
1. Leaves usually ternate
→ 2
2. Central leaflets ovate to rhombic, bases rounded to attenuate, not cuneate, apices usually acute; flowers 1–3; petals obovate, apex entire or slightly emarginate.
subsp. arcticus
2. Central leaflets ovate to obovate, bases cuneate, apices usually rounded; flowers solitary; petals oblanceolate to obovate, apex slightly to strongly emarginate.
subsp. acaulis
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 53. FNA vol. 9, p. 35.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus
Sibling taxa
R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
R. allegheniensis, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Subordinate taxa
R. arcticus subsp. acaulis, R. arcticus subsp. arcticus, R. arcticus subsp. stellatus
Synonyms R. franciscanus, R. spectabilis var. franciscanus
Name authority Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 348, plate 16. (1813) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753)
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