Rubus pubescens |
Rubus vestitus |
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dwarf raspberry, dwarf red blackberry, dwarf red blackberry or raspberry or red raspberry, dwarf red blackberry raspberry, dwarf red raspberry, five-leaf bramble, red raspberry, ronce pubescente, trailing raspberry |
European blackberry |
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Habit | Herbs, to 0.4 dm, unarmed. | Shrubs, 10–20 dm, armed. |
Stems | creeping, flowering branches erect, glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy, eglandular, not pruinose. |
biennial, arching, usually densely, sometimes moderately, hairy, usually eglandular, sometimes sessile- to short-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose; prickles moderate to dense, recurved to erect, slender, 3–10 mm, broad-based. |
Leaves | deciduous, usually ternate, sometimes pedately 5-foliate; stipules lance-ovate to oblanceolate, (5–)8–12(–20) mm; leaflets 3(–5), petiolule of terminal leaflet 2–7 mm, terminal rhombic to obovate, (2–)4–8(–10) × 2–4(–6) cm, base cuneate, unlobed or 2-lobed, margins deeply serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute or acuminate, abaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy, eglandular. |
deciduous or ± persistent, palmately compound; stipules filiform to linear, 5–15 mm; leaflets 3–5, terminal usually suborbiculate to orbiculate, sometimes broadly elliptic, 4–9 × 4–8 cm, base rounded to shallowly cordate, unlobed, margins moderately to coarsely serrate, apex acute to cuspidate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on midvein, densely white-gray to gray-green tomentose, eglandular or obscurely short-stipitate- to sessile-glandular along midveins. |
Inflorescences | 1–3-flowered, sometimes umbelliform. |
terminal, 7–35-flowered, cymiform or thyrsiform. |
Pedicels | moderately to densely long-hairy, eglandular to densely stipitate-glandular. |
prickles moderate to dense, recurved to erect, densely hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals white to pink, oblanceolate to obovate, (4–)6–8(–10) mm; filaments laminar; ovaries glabrous, styles glabrous. |
bisexual; petals pink to magenta, elliptic to suborbiculate, 6–12(–15) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries apically hairy. |
Fruits | red, globose to conical, 0.5–1.4 cm diam., drupelets (5–)10–25, loosely coherent, falling separately or as a unit with torus attached. |
black, globose, 1–1.5 cm; drupelets 15–40, coherent, separating with torus attached. |
2n | = 14. |
= 28. |
Rubus pubescens |
Rubus vestitus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Swamps, bogs, fens, stream banks, moist woods, bluffs, gravel sites, sandy soil | Woodland edges, open areas, disturbed areas, in moist soil |
Elevation | 0–2200 m (0–7200 ft) | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM
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OR; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Rubus pubescens is recognized by its creeping, unarmed stems, oblanceolate to lance-ovate stipules, relatively small flowers, and white to pink petals. It hybridizes with R. arcticus subsp. acaulis in areas of sympatry, and the hybrids are referable to R. ×paracaulis L. H. Bailey [= R. pubescens var. paracaulis (L. H. Bailey) B. Boivin]. The hybrids are similar to R. arcticus subsp. acaulis in having more obovate, rounded leaflets, and larger, pink to magenta petals; they are larger, creeping, and have hairy and stipitate-glandular pedicels and sepals like R. pubescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus vestitus can be distinguished, especially from the closely related R. bifrons and R. ulmifolius, by its long-stipitate-glandular hairs, particularly in the inflorescence, and terminal primocane leaflets that are typically suborbiculate and abaxially densely tomentose. Rubus allegheniensis can possess similar glandular hairs; it does not have pink petals, thyrsiform inflorescences, and rounded and abaxially densely tomentose, often whitened terminal leaflets. Rubus vestitus has not yet been found in Washington, but it is likely there. Because of the overall similarity of R. vestitus to R. bifrons, it is possible that this potentially weedy species is widespread, but rare and possibly overlooked, occurring as far south as California. In Oregon, R. vestitus prefers shady habitats (B. Wilson, pers. comm.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 51. | FNA vol. 9, p. 56. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. saxatilis var. canadensis, R. pubescens var. pilosifolius | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 3, 2: 333. (1811) | Weihe & Nees: in M. J. Bluff et al., Comp. Fl. German. 1: 684. (1825) |
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