Rubus odoratus |
Rubus saxatilis |
|
---|---|---|
flowering raspberry, purple flowering raspberry, ronce odorante |
stone bramble |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 10–20 dm, unarmed. | Herbs or subshrubs, to 4 dm, armed or unarmed. |
Stems | erect, sparsely to moderately hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, glands dark purple, not pruinose. |
usually creeping, ± woody basally, sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular, not pruinose; prickles absent or sparse, erect, weak, 1–3 mm, narrow-based. |
Leaves | deciduous, simple; stipules lanceolate to ovate, 5–15 mm; blade subrotund to reniform, 9–20(–30) × (10–)15–25(–30) cm, base cordate, palmately, ± deeply, (3–)5-lobed, margins finely, irregularly serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces sparsely to moderately hairy, sparsely to densely stipitate-glandular, glands dark purple. |
deciduous, ternate; stipules free from petioles, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, 6–11 mm; petiole 2–11 cm; petiolule of terminal leaflet 8–20 mm; lateral leaflet sessile or subsessile; terminal leaflets ovate to elliptic, 4–8 × 3–7 cm, base tapered, unlobed, lateral leaflets sometimes shallowly lobed, margins coarsely doubly serrate, apex acute, abaxial surfaces unarmed, sparsely hairy, eglandular. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, 4–7(–22)-flowered, cymiform to thyrsiform. |
axillary, 1–6-flowered, cymiform or umbelliform. |
Pedicels | pubescent, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, glands dark purple. |
unarmed or prickles weak, erect, hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals usually magenta, rarely white, broadly obovate to suborbiculate, (12–)17–25(–30) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries distally densely hairy, styles clavate, glabrous. |
bisexual; petals greenish white, narrowly obovate, 5.5–7 mm; filaments laminar; ovaries glabrous. |
Fruits | pale to dark red, hemispheric, 0.7–1.5 cm; drupelets 30–60, coherent, separating from torus. |
red, globose, 0.5–1.5 cm; drupelets 1–10, not or weakly coherent, separating with torus attached. |
2n | = 14. |
= 28. |
Rubus odoratus |
Rubus saxatilis |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Moist shady sites in deciduous forests, margins of woods, rocky slopes, wooded talus, stream banks, roadsides | Birch scrub, talus slopes |
Elevation | 10–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 1300–2100 m (4300–6900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; NB; ON; QC [Introduced in Europe]
|
Greenland; Eurasia |
Discussion | Rubus odoratus is introduced in Washington State. The species is distinguished from other flowering raspberries by its erect, unarmed stems, simple leaves, large flowers, magenta petals, glabrous, clavate styles, and purple stipitate glands densely covering most plant parts. A hybrid with R. nutkanus (R. ×fraseri Rehder) is thought to occur in areas of overlap in northern Michigan (E. G. Voss 1972–1996, vol. 2). The Cherokee used leaf infusions for labor pains and the Iroquois used plant infusions for miscarriage (P. Bergner 1997). Rubus odoratus is grown as an ornamental for its relatively large flowers and magenta petals and its edible fruits that are somewhat dry and insipid. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus saxatilis is defined by its creeping, unarmed or weakly armed stems, ternate leaves, and relatively small white petals. It has very weak prickles that detach easily, sometimes giving plants an unarmed appearance. The species is known in the flora area from only two sites in southern Greenland (T. W. Böcher 1938; D. B. Jensen and K. D. Christensen 2003). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 47. | FNA vol. 9, p. 52. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Rubacer odoratum, R. odoratus var. albidus, R. odoratus var. columbianus | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753) |
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