Rubus odoratus |
Rubus glaucifolius |
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flowering raspberry, purple flowering raspberry, ronce odorante |
Cuyamaca raspberry, San Diego raspberry, wax leaf raspberry |
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Habit | Shrubs, 10–20 dm, unarmed. | Shrubs, to 3 dm, weakly armed. |
Stems | erect, sparsely to moderately hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, glands dark purple, not pruinose. |
biennial, creeping, glabrous, eglandular, strongly pruinose; prickles sparse, erect or slightly curved, weak, slender, 2–3 mm, narrow-based. |
Leaves | deciduous, simple; stipules lanceolate to ovate, 5–15 mm; blade subrotund to reniform, 9–20(–30) × (10–)15–25(–30) cm, base cordate, palmately, ± deeply, (3–)5-lobed, margins finely, irregularly serrate to doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces sparsely to moderately hairy, sparsely to densely stipitate-glandular, glands dark purple. |
deciduous, ternate; stipules filiform to linear, 3–10 mm; terminal leaflets ovate to elliptic, 4–8 × 3–7 cm, base tapered or subcordate, often 2-lobed, margins coarsely dentate, apex acute to rounded, abaxial surfaces unarmed, densely white-tomentose, eglandular. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, 4–7(–22)-flowered, cymiform to thyrsiform. |
terminal and axillary, (1–)2–4(–10)-flowered, cymiform. |
Pedicels | pubescent, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, glands dark purple. |
unarmed, finely hairy, stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals usually magenta, rarely white, broadly obovate to suborbiculate, (12–)17–25(–30) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries distally densely hairy, styles clavate, glabrous. |
bisexual; petals white, oblong to oblanceolate, 4–8 mm; filaments laminar; ovaries white-tomentose. |
Fruits | pale to dark red, hemispheric, 0.7–1.5 cm; drupelets 30–60, coherent, separating from torus. |
reddish purple, hemispheric to conic, 0.4–1 cm diam.; drupelets 10–40, coherent, separating from torus. |
2n | = 14. |
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Rubus odoratus |
Rubus glaucifolius |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Moist shady sites in deciduous forests, margins of woods, rocky slopes, wooded talus, stream banks, roadsides | Semiopen montane forests |
Elevation | 10–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 800–2100 m (2600–6900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; NB; ON; QC [Introduced in Europe]
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Rubus odoratus is introduced in Washington State. The species is distinguished from other flowering raspberries by its erect, unarmed stems, simple leaves, large flowers, magenta petals, glabrous, clavate styles, and purple stipitate glands densely covering most plant parts. A hybrid with R. nutkanus (R. ×fraseri Rehder) is thought to occur in areas of overlap in northern Michigan (E. G. Voss 1972–1996, vol. 2). The Cherokee used leaf infusions for labor pains and the Iroquois used plant infusions for miscarriage (P. Bergner 1997). Rubus odoratus is grown as an ornamental for its relatively large flowers and magenta petals and its edible fruits that are somewhat dry and insipid. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus glaucifolius is found in the Sierra Nevada and Klamath mountains as well as the Peninsular and northern Coastal ranges in California, and in adjacent Oregon only in Jackson County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 47. | FNA vol. 9, p. 41. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Rubacer odoratum, R. odoratus var. albidus, R. odoratus var. columbianus | R. ganderi, R. glaucifolius subsp. ganderi, R. glaucifolius var. ganderi, R. leucodermis var. glaucifolius |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753) | Kellogg: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1(ed. 2): 70. (1873) |
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