The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

dwarf snow bramble, snow bramble, snow dewberry, snow dwarf bramble, snow raspberry

stone bramble

Habit Shrubs, to 1.5 dm, armed. Herbs or subshrubs, to 4 dm, armed or unarmed.
Stems

perennial, creeping, sparsely hairy, glabrescent, eglandular, not pruinose;

prickles sparse, strongly retrorse, stout, to 1 mm, broad-based.

usually creeping, ± woody basally, sparsely to densely hairy, eglandular, not pruinose;

prickles absent or sparse, erect, weak, 1–3 mm, narrow-based.

Leaves

evergreen, simple or ternate;

stipules adnate to petioles, broadly elliptic to ovate, (6–)8–10 mm;

blade ovate to cordate, (2.5–)3–5(–8) cm, lobe or leaflet base cordate, shallowly 3-lobed, margins coarsely, singly or doubly dentate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces with prickles along midveins, glabrous or sparsely hairy, eglandular, both surfaces lustrous fresh.

deciduous, ternate;

stipules free from petioles, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, 6–11 mm;

petiole 2–11 cm;

petiolule of terminal leaflet 8–20 mm;

lateral leaflet sessile or subsessile;

terminal leaflets ovate to elliptic, 4–8 × 3–7 cm, base tapered, unlobed, lateral leaflets sometimes shallowly lobed, margins coarsely doubly serrate, apex acute, abaxial surfaces unarmed, sparsely hairy, eglandular.

Inflorescences

1–2-flowered.

axillary, 1–6-flowered, cymiform or umbelliform.

Pedicels

prickles scattered, retrorse, moderately to densely hairy, eglandular.

unarmed or prickles weak, erect, hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

bisexual;

petals magenta to pink, elliptic to oblanceolate or spatulate, (5–)8–10 mm;

filaments filiform;

ovaries moderately hairy, styles glabrous.

bisexual;

petals greenish white, narrowly obovate, 5.5–7 mm;

filaments laminar;

ovaries glabrous.

Fruits

red, hemispheric, 0.4–1 cm;

drupelets 3–10, not coherent, separating from torus.

red, globose, 0.5–1.5 cm;

drupelets 1–10, not or weakly coherent, separating with torus attached.

2n

= 14.

= 28.

Rubus nivalis

Rubus saxatilis

Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Moist, semishaded forests, glades, moist soil, logged areas Birch scrub, talus slopes
Elevation 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft) 1300–2100 m (4300–6900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
Greenland; Eurasia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rubus nivalis is recognized by its creeping, prickly stems, simple to ternate, evergreen leaves, broadly elliptic to ovate stipules, two leaflets, relatively small flowers, and magenta to pink petals. Its closest relative is likely the Mexican R. pumilus Focke. Asian species previously classified in subg. Chamaebatus (Focke) Focke are hexaploid (M. M. Thompson 1997) and not phylogenetically close; R. nivalis appears to be sister to all blackberries of subg. Rubus (L. A. Alice and C. S. Campbell 1999; Alice et al. 2008).

The fruits of Rubus nivalis are eaten fresh, stewed, and canned by the Hoh and Quileute Indians (A. B. Reagan 1936).

The only known specimen of Rubus nivalis from California was collected in 1961 from Del Norte County at 1250 m near the Oregon border.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rubus saxatilis is defined by its creeping, unarmed or weakly armed stems, ternate leaves, and relatively small white petals. It has very weak prickles that detach easily, sometimes giving plants an unarmed appearance. The species is known in the flora area from only two sites in southern Greenland (T. W. Böcher 1938; D. B. Jensen and K. D. Christensen 2003).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 45. FNA vol. 9, p. 52.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus
Sibling taxa
R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Name authority Douglas: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 181. (1832) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753)
Web links